social psych Flashcards

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1
Q

social psychology

A

the scientific study of how we think about, relate, and influence others

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2
Q

mere-exposure effect

A

the phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them

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3
Q

in-group bias

A

the tendency to favor our own group

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4
Q

groupthink

A

the mode of thinking when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives

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5
Q

social loafing

A

the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable

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6
Q

fundamental attribution error

A

the tendency for observers, when analyzing others’ behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and overestimate the impact of personal disposition

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7
Q

deindividuation

A

the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity

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8
Q

social facilitation

A

improved performance on simple well learned tasks in the presence of others

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9
Q

diffusion of responsibility

A

phenomenon where someone is less likely to take responsibility for action or inaction when other people are present

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10
Q

self-fullfiling prophecy

A

a belief that leads to its own fulfillment

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11
Q

foot-in-the-door phenomenon

A

the tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request

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12
Q

door-in-the-face phenomenon

A

the tendency for someone to agree to a request if previously asked a larger request

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13
Q

just-world hypothesis

A

the tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get

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14
Q

superordinate goals

A

shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation

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15
Q

group polarization

A

the enhancement of a groups’ prevailing inclinations through discussion in the group

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16
Q

bystander effect

A

the tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present