Social Psyc Flashcards
What is social isolation?
The distancing of an individual from his or her networks of desired or needed relationships with others
What things can social exclusion result in long term
Emotional numbness
Shorter life span
Ways to reduce social isolation
Reflect on positive relationships
Recognise the shared experience of social isolation
Engage in community service for something you enjoy or support.
Focus on real interactions
Reward theory is
Relationships that bring reward
Social Exchange Theory is
interactions that offer most favourable trade-offs of costs and benefits
Equity Theory is
Trying to find the most equal and fair relationship
Self-disclosure, What is it and how does it help in social relationships?
The process of revelling things to someone about yourself
Implies shared successes and mutual delight over good happenings
Understanding love: What is passion in a relationship
Feeling unique for a preferred romantic partner
Short Term
What is intimacy?
Partners include their partner’s perspectives, experiences, and characteristics into their own self-concept
(Two partners start to become one)
What is commitment?
Coordination of two sets of interests, values, friends,
and career aspirations
Sacrifices are made
(Long term)
Rusbult’s Investment Model involves what 3 principles for a long term relationship
Rewards
Investments
Relative absence of alternative partners
Attributes of dissatisfying relationships
Neurotic
younger
Lower socioeconomic status
Behaviours that are most harmful in a relationship:
The Gottman Institute Study
Criticism, defensiveness, stonewalling, contempt
closer and longer the relationship =
more painful breakup
What is conformity?
Change of one’s perceptions, beliefs, or behaviour in
response to the influence of others.
When do people mainly conform
Participants conform under conditions of uncertainty.
Asch’s Conform therapy shows (Social conform)
Participants conform to achieve connectedness.
Two ways why people conform
Informational influence: Seeking accurate info from people
Normative Influence: Conforming for a reward
Types of conform
Informational influence leads to private conformity.
Normative influence leads to public conformity
Obedience is
Behaviour change elicited by commands of
authority.
Persuasion is successful through…
Credible sources/people must be trustworthy and liable
Ways to convince the minority
- Confidence
- Unbiased appearance
- Resisting social pressure and abuse
Types of conflict:
Identity conflict: Anchored in the source’s characteristics
Normative conflict: Anchored in the content of the
message
Firm and consistent beliefs that minorities have mean that majorities
Doubt among majorities
Attracts attention to the minority
Stages of minority influences
- Revelation: Appearance of an alternative norm; conflict; consistency (of the minority); denial (by the majority)
- Incubation: Validation (by the majority)
- Conversion: Changes among individuals (latent; implicit)
- Innovation: Social change (manifest; explicit)
Social cryptomnesia
When the majority forgets that an idea was, in
the past, a minority idea.
Consequences of social cryptomnesia
- Minorities rarely receive recognition for their work
- Discrimination toward minorities continues
Levels of analysis in social psyc
Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Intergroup
Ideological
Where is obedience and submission are more valued
Liberal societies
Optimal Distinctiveness Theory
seeking to understand ingroup–outgroup differences
Diversity ideologies is…
Beliefs concerning how cultural diversity should be
managed
