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PSYC106 PT2 > PSYC106 PT2 > Flashcards

PSYC106 PT2 Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Philippe Pinel was the leading Modern Psychiatry when?

A

17th Century (1745-1826)

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2
Q

Who began classifying mental disorders?

A

Philippe Pinel

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3
Q

What is the reform of ‘Moral treatment’

A

The removing of ‘torture like tools’ and using Psychotherapy

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4
Q

Dorothea Dix accomplished?

A

The first generation of state-supported public mental asylums after noting that many of “insane” were in prisons

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5
Q

What is Deinstitutionalization

A

Getting people out of asylums and into the community

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6
Q

When did Deinstitutionalization occur

A

Mid 1950’s

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7
Q

Asylum in NZ opened when?

A

1854

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8
Q

When were mental asylums changed to mental hospitals?

A

1911

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9
Q

When were psychriatric hospitals closed?

A

1990’s

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10
Q

Psychiatrists have…

A

Medical Degree

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11
Q

Clinical psychologists have…

A

Doctral Degree

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12
Q

Psychotherapy is…

A

A fixed interaction between a client and a therapist that icorperates psychological principles

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13
Q

Features in therapy (5)

A

Attentive listening, Empathy, Nonverbal behaviours, Instilling hope (Caring attitude), Positive expectancies

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14
Q

What is the Placebo effect?

A

The procedure that has been ‘applied’ with the expectation that a healing response will occur

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15
Q

How do Placebos help

A

Trigger release of endorphins

Exerts activation of brain regions associated with pain

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16
Q

What did Smitt and Glass identify

A

75% clients are better off having therapy than not

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17
Q

Smith Glass and Millier found…

A

80% of those receiving therapy did better than those who did not receive therapy

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18
Q

Types of Therapy (5)

A 
Psychodynamic
Humanistic and existential
Cognitive behavioural (CBT)
Group
Biological
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19
Q

Who founded Psychoanalysis therapy

A

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)

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20
Q

What is Psychoanalysis?

A

The process of revealing the unconscious - understanding the unconscious

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21
Q

What is the tripartite model

A

The model divides the symptoms of anxiety and depression into three groups: negative affect, positive affect and physiological hyperarousal

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22
Q

What are the psychoanalytic techniques in Psychoanalysis?

A

Free association: client reports every thought that enters the mind
Dream analysis: Dreams being treated as a metaphor with unconscious confliction
Projective tests e.g ink blots
Resistance analysis

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23
Q

Resistance analysis steps in Psychoanalysis (4)

A

Confrontation
Clarification
Interpretation
Working through

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24
Q

What is Transference

A

Transferring onto therapist one’s infantile wishes in hope that therapist will gratify them

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25
What is Countertransference
therapist’s own reactions transferred to the patient
26
Problems with Psychoanalytic therapy...
Conflicts about sex and aggression Power imbalance between analyst and patient Therapy needs to be consistent several days/months
27
Client-centered therapy looks at...
thoughts, abilities, cleverness of | client
28
Features of Client-centered therapy
Empathy, Unconditional positive regard, Genuineness
29
Gestalt Therapy focuses on...
The clients awareness of their thoughts, behaviours, | experiences and feelings, by focussing on the here and now (How did you get to this position)
30
What are Psychodynamic therapies?
Emphasise on early developmental processes as the source of psychological dysfunction
31
Cognitive and behavioural therapies are?
The focus on current factors that contribute to 'misbehaviour'
32
Cognitive and behavioural therapies look at:
* dysfunctional thoughts * maladaptive behaviours * negative emotions
33
Behaviour Therapy is based on what?
Based on classical and operant conditioning
34
Classical conditioning
A learning procedure in which a biologically potent stimulus is paired with a previously neutral stimulus
35
Operant conditioning
A learning procedure that involves reinforcement and punishment
36
Aim for Behaviour Therapy (3)
* Eliminating unwanted behaviours * Promoting desired behaviours * Reducing unwanted emotional responses
37
Aversion therapy is....
Eliminating unwanted behaviours e.g smoking, drinking, etc
38
How to accomplish Aversion therapy
Use of operant conditioning
39
2 Categries of operant learning
Positive reinforcement to increase behaviours | Negative reinforcement to decrease behaviours
40
Shapping is...
systematic reinforcement of behaviours that successivelyapproximate desired behaviour
41
Extinction is...
non-reinforcement of a behaviour to decrease probability of a future response
42
Methods of fear reduction
* Systematic desensitization * Exposure therapy * Modeling
43
Goal of Systematic Desensitization
Overcome avoidance of fear by gradual exposure to the phobic object until it can be tolerated
44
Where was Systematic desensitisation crafted?
Developed from laboratory studies of | classical conditioning
45
3 Phases to achieve Systematic desensitisation...
* Learn deep muscle relaxation * Develop a fear hierarchy * Work up the fear hierarchy using relaxation to reduce anxiety until comfortable
46
Modelling is...
learning behaviour by observing and imitating others | Based on Social learning Theory
47
Virtual Reality Therapy is...
Type of systematic desensitisation
48
A T Beck created
Cognitive Therapy
49
Cognitive Theory aims to...
help the person identify and correct distorted or unhelpful thinking that leads to emotional and behavioural problems
50
Rational Emotive Therapy - the A,B,C
``` A = Activating event in the environment B = Belief triggered in client’s mind by event C = Emotional consequence of the belief ```
51
What part of Rational Emotive Therapy attempts to target therapy (A,B,C?)
B - Belief triggered in client’s mind by event
52
Group therapy helps with
social learning
53
How does family therapy work?
The family is the unit of treatment - Trying to solve faultily communication
54
Antipsychotic medications helped to manage what disease
Schizophrenia (1950s - 1960s)
55
Antipsychotic medications may block
dopamine receptors
56
Examples of Atypical antipsychotics
(clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine)
57
Anti-anxiety medications =
Benzodiazepines (diazepam, lorazepam, temazepam)
58
Serotonin and noradrenaline do what in cells
Reuptake inhibitors
59
Transcranial magnetic stimulation is
a magnet placed above right or left eyebrow to stimulate right or left prefrontal cortex - treats depression
60
Electroconvulsive therapy helps with
treats server depression - may also impair short term memory

PSYC106 PT2 (2 decks)

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