Social Learning theory Flashcards

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1
Q

Who developed Social learning theory and when?

A

Bandura, 1960s

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2
Q

What’s one similarity SLT has to behaviourism?

A

Both believe were born a tabula rasa

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3
Q

What’s one difference between SLT and behaviourism?

A

Behaviorism is direct learning
(learning through environment)
and SLT is indirect learning (observing and imitating others)

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4
Q

Define social learning theory?

A

Behavior is learned by observing and imitating others, but mediational processes are involved between S and R

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5
Q

What are the 4 assumptions of SLT?

A
  1. Learn through indirect (vicarious) reinforcement
  2. Learn through observation and imitation
  3. Some mediational processes are involved between S and R
  4. Role models have an important influence on SLT
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6
Q

What is vicarious reinforcement?

A

When people are more likely to imitate behavior if they see others rewarded for it

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7
Q

What makes us more likely to choose certain people to be role models? (identification)

A

Through identification, if they’re seen to have similar characteristics to us or are attractive and have high status

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8
Q

What is modelling?

A

Observing and imitating another person

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9
Q

What are medicinal processes?

A

Mental (cognitive) factors that intervene in the learning process

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10
Q

What are the 4 medicinal processes?

A
  1. Attention
  2. Retention
  3. Motor reproduction
  4. Motivation
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11
Q

What is identification?

A

Adopting behaviors shown by a role model, because they have a quality the individual would like to have

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12
Q

What is retention?

A

How well the behavior is remembered

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13
Q

What is motor reproduction?

A

The ability to perform the behavior

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14
Q

What is motivation?

A

The desire to perform the behavior

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15
Q

What and when was the first experiment done to prove this?

A

Bandura ross and ross 1961

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16
Q

Describe the procedure of Bandura Ross and Ross

A
  1. Tested 36 girls and 36 boys for aggression
  2. Pre-tested them for aggression levels using matched pairs
  3. There were 3 groups, one showed an aggressive model, one showed a non-aggressive model, one showed no model
  4. Aggressive model included unique aggression
    Non-aggressive model ignored the doll
  5. Children were told only the best can play with toys and they weren’t the best, to maximize aggression
17
Q

What were the 3 findings of Bandura Ross and Ross experiment?

A
  1. Children who watched aggressive model were most aggressive, imitated the unique aggression, and went a step further
  2. Boys were more aggressive than girls
  3. Children were significantly more likely to imitate the same sex
18
Q

What was the 2nd experiment?

A

Bandura and Walters 1963

19
Q

What happened in Bandura and Walters experiment?

A
  1. Same as Ross and Ross
  2. Children are all shown an aggressive video, one model rewarded at the end, one punished, and one with no consequence
20
Q

What were the findings of Bandura and Walters?

A
  1. Children were most aggressive when the model was rewarded
    (Vicarious reinforcement)
  2. Children least likely to imitate when the model was rewarded
    (vicarious punishment)
21
Q

How does SLT account for cultural differences? (strength)

A

Helps explain cultural differences in determining human behavior because people imitate the behaviors they are exposed to.

22
Q

What are the 2 limitations of SLT and Bandura’s study?

A

-Does not explain why boys are more aggressive than girls
(lacks biological factors)

-The study was conducted in a lab, so low external validity
(kids are shown a video beforehand)

23
Q

What are the 2 strengths of SLT and Bandura’s study?

A

-Considers cognitive factors
(takes human behavior into account)
-Has real-life application
(after James murder, age restrictions and watershed introduced)

24
Q

What is the extended strength of SLT?

A

Slightly Reciprocal determinism
-This means the behavior is determined by our environment, but SLT believes we chose our environment (friends) so we have free will