Emergence of psychology as a science Flashcards
What was psychology originally seen as?
An experimental philosophy
Who and when was the first psychological lab established?
Wilhelm Wudnt in 1879
Who were the first philosophers to consider psychological questions?
1- Rene Descartes
2- John Locke
3- Charles Darwin
What were Rene’s ideas?
that the mind and body are separate, the mind makes us special
What were John’s ideas?
all knowledge is learned through physical experience
When and by whom was the psychodynamic approach established?
By Sigmund freud between 1890s and 1930s
What led to the establishment of the biological approach and when did this happen?
The 2nd technological revolution, where we developed brain-scanning items in the 1980s
What did Wilhelm Wudnt do?
He birthed psychology and established the 1st psychological lab in Leipzig in 1879
What are the 5 features of science?
- Paradigms
- Objectivity and empirical method
- Theory construction and hypothesis testing
- Falsifiability
- Replicability
Define paradigms
Set of beliefs and methods of studying them to make a universally agreed discipline scientific
Define objectivity and empirical method
Gathering physical evidence through observation
Define theory construction and hypothesis testing
Theory construction- gathering evidence by observing
Hypothesis testing- testing a prediction
Define falsifiability
When a theory can be proven not false
Define replicability
Something can be tested multiple times and get the same result each time
What invention led to a revolution in how psychologists think?
The cognitive approach
which explains behavior through how we think and the mind processes info from our senses
