social learning theory

Question 1

social learning theory

Answer 1

process of how we learn through observation and imitationof role models

Question 2

steps of observational learning

Question 3

modelling

Answer 3

role model models behaviour
can be direct/via media

Question 4

identification

Answer 4

observer identifies with model
recognise it is someone they want to be like

Question 5

observation

Answer 5

observer notices behaviour being modelled

Question 6

imitation

Answer 6

observer tries behviour for themselves
may anticipate reward for this behaviour

Question 7

vicarious reinforcement

Answer 7

not allbehavours imitated
- depends on how that observed behaviour is reinforeced

Question 8

model reinforcement

Answer 8

model behaviour punished = less likely to be imitated
model behaviour rewarded = more likely to be imitated

Question 9

mediational process (bandura 1997)
ARRM

Answer 9

a-attention paid to role model
r - retention (retainig memory of what they observed)
r - reproduction (must be able to reproduce behaviour)
m - motivation needed to immitate role

Question 10

person identifies with model if

Answer 10

they have similar:
age
race
gender
high status
behaviour rewarded
model is attractive

Question 11

banduras research

Answer 11

bobo doll experiment
different rolemodels (agressie/non-agressive)
different gender role models
punishment/reward for behaviour

Question 12

findings

Answer 12

agression depended on the role model they watched
less imitated female/ more imitated the man
less likely to imitate when role model punished

Question 13

strength: cognitive factors

Answer 13

unlike cognitive/operant conditioning can show people learning on their own
humans store informtion about the behaviour of others and use this to make decisions/ judgements when its best to perform certain behaviours
recognises role of mediational process

Question 14

however

Answer 14

makeslittle refernce to bilological factors
bandura claimed that biological differences affected our learning potential, but our learning was affected by environment
research claims imitation may be caused by mirror neurons so biologcal influences were in fact under-emphasised in SLT

Question 15

limitation: lab study

Answer 15

demand characteristics displayed by the children
main purpose of a bobo doll is to strike it so the children were only acting in a way they felt they were expected to
so this research tells us little about how children may learn agression in their every day lives

Question 16

strength: real world application

Answer 16

explains cultural differences in behaviour
can explain how children lern from others/media
can also explain how cultural norms are transmitted through particulr societies
explains how chidren come to understand their gender roles
increases value of approach

Question 17

reciprocal determinism

Answer 17

not just influencedby environment but we also exert an influence on it through the behaviours we choose to perform
element of choice suggests that we do have free will
contrasts with behaviourist approch