social learning theory

Question 1

what does social learning theory suggest?

Answer 1

explains that learning can occur by observation, imitation and vicarious reinforcement

Question 2

what is reciprocal determinism?

Answer 2

learning being two way between the individual interacting and the environment.

Question 3

what are the steps in observational learning?

Answer 3

1. behaviour is modelled by a role model
2. the observer identifies with the model
3. the behaviour is observed and noted
4. the behaviour is imitated and remembered
5. if rewarded or reinforced behaviour will repeat

Question 4

how can modelling occur?

Answer 4

with a live model, tv show, verbal instruction or symbols

Question 5

what is a role model

Answer 5

a role model is someone significant/important to an individua. the individual will identify with the model in some way, this allows them to connect to themselves to the model and see something that is alike.

Question 6

what must the observer be doing?

Answer 6

paying attention, recording it in their memory and have the physical ability to carry it out

Question 7

what are the cognitive processes in SLT?

Answer 7

observation, attention, storing in memory, rewarded in a way that it becomes motivation

Question 8

what is the A stage of social learning?

Answer 8

A- attention, individual must notice and pay attention to the model
factors affecting attention:
-how dustinctive it is
-how relevant

Question 9

what is the Ret stage of social learning?

Answer 9

Ret- retention, what is attended to must be retained in the memory
factors affecting retention:
-visual images
-coding behaviour so it has meaning

Question 10

what is the Rep stage of social learning?

Answer 10

Rep- reproduction, once the modelled behaviour is in memory the behaviour can then be imitated. however, it will only reproduced under certain circumstances. these circumstances depend pn the consequences pf reproducing the saviour (motivation)

Question 11

what is the M stage of social learning?

Answer 11

M- motivation, reproduction takes place because of motivation and that depends on the reinforcements for reproducing the behaviour, vicarious learning.

Question 12

what is vicarious learning?

Answer 12

a term used to explain that reinforcement can occur through others being reinforced, it examines how imitation is affected by perceived reinforcements and punishments, not a direct reward.

Question 13

what is vicarious punishment?

Answer 13

occurns when the tendency to engage in a behaviour is weakened after having observed the negative consequence for another engaging in that bhevaiour, e.g, not parking in a particular place because theyve seen somebody else get a parking ticket there

Question 14

what is vicarious reinforcement?

Answer 14

ocurs when you imitate the behaviourof someone who has been reinfiorced for that behaviour, e.g working hard becauyse your colleague was praised for working hard

Question 15

what is vicarious extinction?

Answer 15

when person engaging in behaviour is no longer being rewarded so behaviour stops

Question 16

what is extrinsic motivation?

Answer 16

revolves around some kind of physical outcome, e.g, going to work to earn money

Question 17

what is intrinsic motivation?

Answer 17

behaviour is more motivating if some internal need is satisfied, e.g, going to work as a doctor to save lives not earn money

Question 18

what is the modelling effect?

Answer 18

someone does something they have seen and would not have done otherwise

Question 19

what is the eliciting effect?

Answer 19

someone watches a behaviour and copies it but does it a bit differently

Question 20

what is the disinhibiting effect?

Answer 20

behaviour is done that someone would not have thought okay but somebody else did it with no negative consequencesand now they think its okay

Question 21

what is the inhibitory effect?

Answer 21

someone sees a role model punished for a behaviour and now wont do it.