social learning theory Flashcards
give research to support
Bandura used preschool children who observed adult role model beating up a Bobo Doll. the child was then put into a room with toys and an adult removed them and put took them into a room with bobo dolls. the children who observed role model punching the Bobo Doll also punched the Bobo Doll. boys were three times more likely then girls to punch the Bobo Doll. boys were twice as likely to copy the behaviour of the role model if it was a male role models (same for girls) supporting the idea of same sex role models.
then Bandura wanted to see how watching the behaviour on TV influenced the children’s behaviour. there were three contains; in real life, waiting it through the tv and animation. Bandura found that children imitate behaviour regardless of where it was initially seen.
the finally condition was to study whether the children behaved differently when they were rewarded or punished for hitting the Bobo Doll. this was done by the role model who was beating up the doll was told off by second adult. this lead to reduction in aggressive behaviour especially in young girls. however when praised by the second man entering the room for beating up the Bobo Doll the aggression didn’t change. seeing others being rewarded does not motivated us to change behaviour. seeing other being told us dimities our will to diminish it.
what is the application
there should be censorship on tv to prevent young impressionable children copying what they observe role models doing on TV. that is why we should haven’t show certain movies before 9pm and age restriction should be considered in cinema.
furthermore the development of phobias may be learnt by copying role models around us. ie a young girl may have a fear of spiders because her mother is scared of spiders and she identifies with her mother. so vicarious reinforcement can be used to uncondition phobias. ie watching your role model phase the phobia without anxiety or harm can prove that the fear is irrational and you can learn to have no fear response to the stimulus. a better explanation could be classical conditioning ….
how good is banduras research
has high reliability as he used a standardised procedure so it can be replicated to test the consistency of findings
has low generalisability as he used a sample of young preschoolers so we cannot establish that this is a cause of human behaviour in older more mature individuals.
learning is a ___ process that’s takes place in a __ setting
cognitive
social
how can learning occur
by observing the behaviour and the consequences
learning can take place without an observable change in behaviour. what does this mean
we may learn behaviour without displaying what the have learnt outwardly.
what role do reinforcements play
they are not entirely reliant on reinforcing behaviour in order to learn it. if we are motivated then we shall reproduce.
what is reciprocal determinisms
cognitive behaviour and environment each influence each other.
outline how we learn via SLT
You must pay ATTENTION to the behaviour and the role model and RETAIN the information (remember what the role model did) in order to REPRODUCE the behaviour. the behaviour should be MOTIVATED ie external (car, money, wealth) or internal (pleasure, enjoyment, adventure, emotional closeness with your mom) motivators. can be primary (food, water, sex, warmth, rest) or secondary (sweets and chocolate, praise, attention) motivators.
What is self efficacy
This is the belief that you can do something so you are more likely to copy that behaviour
What is vicarious punishment
When you watch someone get hurt so you avoid the behaviour
