classical conditioning Flashcards
give three types of CC and explain each one
forward conditioning - CS is presented before the UCS
delayed conditioning - CS keeps going as the UCS is introduced.
spontaneous conditioning - CS and UCS are presented at the same time
what is extinction
if the CS is continually presented without the UCS then the CR is gradually forgotten
what is spontaneous recovery
after a period of rest the response may reappear. Pavlov found, however, that if he allowed several hours to elapse before sounding the tone again, the salivation to the tone would reappear spontaneously
what is generalisation
extension of the CR from the original stimuli to a similar stimuli. ie all things white and fluffy.
what is one trail learning
when the conditioning occurs after one trail only.
what is discrimination
the conditioned response is produced only by presentation of the original stimuli - it cannot be generalised. pavlova dogs learnt the sound of a particular tone and did not produce the CR to the other tones.
what was W+R sample
a little 9 month old baby boy 21ibs, no health problems, not overly emotional, mother was a wet nurse so he had spent a lot of time in hospital. in a small dark room
what stimuli did they present him with
fire, monkey, dog, rabbit, white rat.
what was the NS for little albert
a loud bang.
what was the unconditioned response to the unconditioned stimulus
crying
what did little Albert generalise his fear of white rats to
dogs, rabbit, fur coat, Santa Claus mask.
how did W+R take their research further.
he moved him into a larger room that was normal lighting and presented him with the neutral stimuli. the was no fear response until after paired with a loud bang. then after 1 month little Albert was retested on the same objects paired with loud noise so phobias are conditioned responses.
