Social influence Researchers

Question 1

Asch

Answer 1

Conformity in Line study

Did variations of this study: Group size, task difficulty and social support

Question 2

Perrin and Spencer

Answer 2

Weakness of Asch’s Research - contradicting evidence
did the same experiment as Asch on engineering students and just 1 in 396 conformed can show individual differences in explanations of conformity

Question 3

Zimbardo

Answer 3

Stanford prison experiment looking into conformity to social role in a specific environment

Question 4

Reicher and Haslam

Answer 4

Contradicting study to Zimbardo
This was done with more tests and more objective as independent psychologist they weren’t also superintendent
They found that guards didn’t conform to social roles and become aggressive the prisoners actually rebelled against them

Question 5

Milgram

Answer 5

Showed obedience

Also did variations of his study: Proxmity, Uniform and Location

Question 6

Sheridan and King

Answer 6

Did Milgrams experiment with puppies who weren’t faking it and found 100% of females gave fatal shock 54% overall - support for milgram

Question 7

Hoffling

Answer 7

Real life example of Milgram’s study, doctor on the phone and tells nurses to give a lethal dose to a patient and 21/22 did

Question 8

Orne and Holland

Answer 8

Said pps in Milgram’s study guessed it was fake also said the uniform variation was very staged and hard to believe

Question 9

Mandel

Answer 9

He said Milgram offers an excuse for things like the holocaust

Question 10

Bickman

Answer 10

Tested Uniform and obedience more people listened to a security guard than a milkman supports milgrams uniform variations

Question 11

Adorno

Answer 11

Authoritarian personality study found that out of 2000 white americans the people with an AP identified with strong people prejudice and stuck in their ways

Question 12

Blass and Schmitt

Answer 12

Support for Agentic state

Asked students to say who was to blame for shocks in Milgram’s study and they all said experimentor

Question 13

Gamson

Answer 13

Support for social support
Similar to milgrams they had to start a smear campaign on someone they didnt know but they were in groups for this and obedience was much less 88% rebelled

Question 14

Allen and Levine

Answer 14

Support for social support
Support doesn’t have to be valid they found even if the support in Asch’s study was partially blind it still reduces conformity

Question 15

Holland

Answer 15

Support for LOC

Did Milgram’s study but tested LOC before found that 37% of internal rebelled while just 23% external did

Question 16

Twenge

Answer 16

Contradicting LOC

Did meta analysis found that Americans were becoming more external but more resistent to social influence

Question 17

Moscovici

Answer 17

Support for minority influence particularly consistency
Showed a series of blue cards had 2 confederates who said they were green 2/3 of the time this created 8% agreement overall high as clearly blue
when they were incosistent agreement was just 1%

Question 18

Wood

Answer 18

did meta anaylsis of 100 studies found consistency key in MI

Question 19

Martin

Answer 19

Support for Minority influence

found minority beliefs were more deep in a debate found the minority were a lot less likely to change their beliefs

Question 20

Nolan

Answer 20

Showed how NSI allowed for social change of reducing energy use in a community through putting messages on doors

Question 21

Lucas

Answer 21

Showed how ISI is stronger when the task is more difficult with a study using harder maths problems

Question 22

Nemeth

Answer 22

Said a problem with social change is that it is very delayed and gradual can only tackle one issue at a time