Social influence key terms (paper 1) Flashcards

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1
Q

Conformity?

A

A change in a persons behaviour or opinions as a result of real or imagined pressure from a person or group.

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2
Q

Group size?

A
  • Asch increased the size of the group by adding more confederates.
    -By increasing group size conformity also increased.
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3
Q

Unanimity?

A

-The extent to which all the members of a group agree.
- In aschs study the majority was unanimous when all the confederates selected the same size line.
- This produced a greater degree of conformity.

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4
Q

Task difficulty?

A
  • Aschs line-judging task is more difficult when it becomes harder to work out the answer.
  • Conformity increases because naive participants assume the majority is most likely to be right.
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5
Q

Internalisation?

A
  • A deep type of conformity where we take on the majority view because we accept it as correct publicity and privately.
  • Permanent /long term change in behaviour, even when the group is absent.
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6
Q

Identification?

A
  • A moderate type of conformity where we act the same way as the group because we value it and want to be apart of it.
  • But we don’t necessarily agree with everything the group believes.
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7
Q

Compliance?

A
  • A temporary type of conformity where we outwardly go with the majority view, but we privately disagree.
  • The change in behaviour only lasts while the group is present.
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8
Q

Informational social influence?

A
  • An explanation for conformity that says we agree with the opinion of majority because we believe it is correct.
  • We accept it because we want it to be correct as well.
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9
Q

Normative social influence?

A

An explanation of conformity that says we agree with the opinion because we want to be approved and liked.

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10
Q

Social roles?

A
  • The ‘parts’ people play as members of various social groups.
  • E.g. parent, child, student, passenger.
  • These are accompanied by expectations we and others have of what is appropriate behaviour in each role.
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11
Q

Obedience?

A
  • A form of social influence in which an individual follows a direct order.
  • The person usually issuing the order is normally a figure of authority, who has the power to punish.
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12
Q

Situational variables?

A

Features of the immediate physical and social environment which may influence a persons behaviour (such as proximity, location and uniform).

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13
Q

Proximity?

A

The physical closeness or distance of an authority figure to the person they are giving an order to.

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14
Q

Location?

A

The place where an order is issued. The relevant factor that influences obedience is the status or prestige associated with the location.

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15
Q

Uniform?

A

People in positions of authority often have a specific outfit that is symbolic of their authority.

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16
Q

Agentic state?

A
  • A mental state where we feel no personal responsibility for our behaviour because we believe ourselves to be acting for an authority figure.
  • This frees us from the demands of our consciousness and allows us to obey even a destructive authority figure.
17
Q

Legitimacy of authority?

A
  • An explanation for obedience which suggests that we are more likely to obey people who we perceive to have an authority over us.
  • It’s justified by the individuals position of power within a social hierarchy.
18
Q

Dispositional explanation?

A

Any explanation of behaviour that highlights the importance of the individuals personality.

19
Q

Authoritarian personality?

A
  • A type of personality that Adorno argued was especially susceptible to obeying people in authority.
  • For example, people who are submissive to those of higher status.
20
Q

Resistance to social influence?

A

Refers to the ability of people who can withstand the social pressure to conform to the majority or to obey authority.

21
Q

Social support?

A
  • The presence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey can help others to do the same.
  • These people act as models.
22
Q

Locus of control?

A
  • Refers to the sense we each have about what directs events in our lives.
  • Internals believe they are mostly responsible about what happens to them.
  • Externals believe it is mainly a matter of luck or other outside forces.
23
Q

Minority influence?

A

A form of social influence in which a minority of people persuades others to adopt their beliefs, attitudes of behaviours.

24
Q

Consistency?

A
  • Minority influence is most effective if the minority keeps the same beliefs, both over time and between all the individuals that form the minority.
  • Consistency is effective because it draws attention to minority view.
25
Q

Commitment?

A

Minority influence is more powerful if the minority demonstrates dedication to their position.

26
Q

Flexibility?

A
  • Relentless consistency could be counter productive if it is seen by the majority as unbending and unreasonable.
  • Therefore, minority influence is more effective if the minority show flexibility by accepting the possibility of compromise.
27
Q

Social influence?

A

The process by which individuals and groups change each other’s attitudes and behaviours. Includes conformity, obedience and minority influence.

28
Q

Social change?

A

This occurs when the whole societies. rather than just individuals, adopt new attitudes, beliefs and ways of doing things.