Social Influence

Question 1

1. What are the 3 types of conformity?

Answer 1

• internalisation
• identification
• compliance

Question 2

Which is the most superficial type of conformity?

Answer 2

Compliance

Question 3

Which is the deepest/ permanent type of conformity?

Answer 3

Internalisation

Question 4

Which type of conformity is when someone publicly and privately agreed but stops when the person is no longer a member of the group?

Answer 4

Identification

Question 5

Which explanation for conformity is when someone conforms because they are uncertain and look to others for guidance?

Answer 5

Informative social influence

Question 6

Which explanation for conformity is when someone conforms to fit in and gain approval?

Answer 6

Normative social influence

Question 7

What did Asch do?

Answer 7

Line study - pps had to guess which lines matched up. All the confederates said the wrong answers to test if pps would conform

Question 8

What was Asch’s main finding?

Answer 8

75% of pps conformed in at least 1 trial

Question 9

What 3 factors affect conformity?

Answer 9

• difficulty of task
• size of groups
• other non- conformers

Question 10

What is a confederate?

Answer 10

An actor in an experiment

Question 11

What is a social role?

Answer 11

Sets of social behaviours assigned to people based on status

Question 12

Which type of conformity is involved in conformity to social roles?

Answer 12

Identification

Question 13

What did Zimbardo do?

Answer 13

• assigned pps to role of prisoner or guard
• placed them in mock prison setting
• observed whether they would adapt to social roles given
• see how they conform to this social role

Question 14

What is de-individuation?

Answer 14

Losing your identity

Question 15

How was de-individuation achieved in Zimbardo’s study?

Answer 15

Using prison numbers not their real names for prisoners

Question 16

What is dehumanisation?

Answer 16

Removing the human qualities from someone

Question 17

How was dehumanisation used in Zimbardo’s study?

Answer 17

The mirrored sunglasses that the prison guards would wear

Question 18

What did Milgram do?

Answer 18

• Sample of 40 males at Yale University.
• learner and teacher (pps was always teacher)
• milgram ordered teacher to deliver electric shocks to when learner gets question wrong

Question 19

What did Milgram find?

Answer 19

100% of pps went to 300V
65% went to 450V

Question 20

What are situational factors?

Answer 20

aspects of a study which could influence the results

Question 21

What are the 3 proximity variations that Milgram investigated?

Answer 21

• same room as learner
• learners hand forced into electroshock plate
• instructions given over the phone

Question 22

What did Milgram conclude from the proximity variables?

Answer 22

Closer proximity of learner lowers obedience.

Question 23

What was the location variation that Milgram investigated?

Answer 23

Run down building compared to Yale University

Question 24

What did Milgram find/conclude about the location variations from his study?

Answer 24

Less professional environment = less obedience

Question 25

What are social psychological factors?

Answer 25

Agentic state and legitimate authority

Question 26

What was the uniform variation that Milgram investigated?

Answer 26

Experimenter wore everyday clothes opposed to lab coat

Question 27

What did Milgram find/conclude about uniform variations in his study?

Answer 27

If researcher looks less professional there will be less obedience

Question 28

What is meant by agentic state?

Answer 28

Act according to instructions - the responsibility passed to the authority figure so you act as a carrier for their instructions

Question 29

How can agentic state link to Milgram’s study?

Answer 29

Pps followed through with actions as most professional looking authority figure

Question 30

What is legitimacy of authority?

Answer 30

Someone who is perceived to be in social control within a situation

Question 31

What is meant by a dispositional explanation?

Answer 31

Obedience is affected by someone’s personality

Question 32

What is the dispositional explanation for obedience called?

Answer 32

Authoritarian Personality

Question 33

Who proposed the authoritarian personality theory?

Answer 33

Adorno

Question 34

How did Adorno investigate the Authoritarian personality?

Answer 34

F-scale questionnaire is to look at personalities

Question 35

What did Adorno propose lead to an authoritarian personality?

Answer 35

Harsh,punitive parents - learn to feel hatred for them which means obey authority figures out of fear

Question 36

What is meant by resistance to social influence?

Answer 36

Refusal to confirm or obey

Question 37

What evidence is there that social support reduces conformity?

Answer 37

Asch’s study - the confederates would say right answer and resist to everyone else’s which would makes the other pps also resist to SI

Question 38

What evidence is there that social support reduces obedience?

Answer 38

Milgram study - shows that only 10% of pps continued to final shock level when other pps in same room also didn’t obey - they resisted

Question 39

What is meant by locus of control?

Answer 39

The perception of personal control over your life

Question 40

On what dimension is locus of control measured?

Answer 40

Scale of high internal and high external