social influence Flashcards
compliance
publicly conform maintain own views
internalization
changes public and private view
identification
during the group changes public and priv view but when seperate maintains same view
nsi +ao3
desire to be liked
X people less concerned about being liked won’t be affected
isi
desire to be right
Asch
50 male college students to see different obvious lines that would match to a test line confederates gave unanimous/ wrong answers on 12 of the 18 trials
pps conformed on 32%
74% conformed at least once
26% never conformed
Asch ao3
X limited sample, time consuming, expensive, ecological validity, cultural issues
group size and conformity
1 confederate 3% conform
2 confederates 13% conform
3 confederates 33% conform
any higher and it decreases
unanimity and conformity
conformity dropped to 5.5% if confederate placed before pp
task difficulty and conformity
increase in conformity
culture and conformity
Smith and Bond redid Asch experiment 31 students higher conformity in collectivist cultures as group loyalty important etc
Zimbardo
male volunteers, meant to be 2 weeks long
prisoners; stripped, sprayed with disinfect, smocks, prisoner n.o
guards; reflective glasses, uniform, batons, handcuffs, keys
guards humiliated prisoners, they rebelled after 2 days
one prisoner released after 1 day
2 more on the 4th day
day 6 they became submissive
stopped after day 6
social roles important
nsi
Zimbardo ao3
+ good ecological validity, emotionally stable pps chosen, internal validity
X ethics, demand characteristics, conflicting roles, should have stopped before day 6, lost objectivity,
Milgram
40 male pp paid before at Yale electric shock if answer was wrong
65% standard
100% learner silent
40% same room
30% teacher forces hand to be shocked
20.5% experimenter over the phone
10% 2 other teachers refusing to obey
92.5% only reading words
48% in an office
milgram ao3
+ 84% glad participated, 74% learned personal importance, findings are upsetting not ethics, similar results in other countries
X deception, lack of informed consent, psychological harm, Orne + Holland (lack internal validity, didn’t believe learners shocked, please experminter)
proximity +obedience
65% to 40% when teacher and learner same room
65% to 30% when force hand onto shock plate
orders by phone 21%
buffer + obedience
when the buffer/ wall was removed and teacher had to confront the learner to 40%
obligation + obedience
obliged to carry on Milgrams study and paid at start so didn’t think they could back out
location + obedience
48% continued to 450 v in a run down office
high status of Yale
uniform + obedience
when the experimenter wore ordinary clothes dropped to 20%
field experiment jacket + tie, milkman, sec guard. 2x likely to give sec guard money
leg of authority + obedience
Bickman’s field experiment 92% likley to give money when sec guard but only 49% when civilian
+ cultures differ in obedience
X can’t explain all obedience Rank and Jacobsen only 1 pout 18 accpeted doctors orders in heirarchy
agentic state + obedience
responsibilkity
+ milgram
X rank and jacobsen again
authoritarian
adorno
high f scale scorers strong people, conscious of status
