Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology > Social Influence > Flashcards

Social Influence Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

define conformity and name 3 types

A
  • yielding to group pressure

compliance
internalisation
indentification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

define compliance

A
  • individual accepts influence in hope to achieve a favourable reaction from the group around them
  • public acceptance but not private
  • fairly weak form of conformity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define internalisation

A
  • individual goes along with the group because of an acceptance of their views
  • exposed to the belief system of others
  • public and private acceptance
    -it is maintained once the person leaves the group
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define identification

A
  • individual may accept influence because membership of that group is desirable
  • stronger influence
  • public and private acceptance
  • temporary
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name two explanations for conformity

A
  • normative social influence
  • informative social influence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe informative social influence as an explanation for conformity

A
  • acceptance of information from others as evidence about reality
  • more likely if the situation is ambiguous or where others are experts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe normative social influence as an explanation for conformity

A
  • conforming based on the desire for approval
  • ## more likely when they believe they are under surveillance by the group
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the definition of a confederate

A
  • someone who pretends to be participants or researchers in studies, but who are actually playing a part
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Research: Describe the procedure and findings of Asch’s Study

A

procedure:
- participants viewed lines of different lengths and compared them to a standard line
- confederates gave wrong answer to see if the real participant would conform

Findings:
- participant conformed to avoid dissaproval
- conformity was 33% but without confederates there was only 1 % mistake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe Group size as a variable affecting conformity

A
  • conformity rates increase as the size of a majority influence increases
  • however it gets to a point where further increases in the size of majority doesn’t lead to further increases in conformity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe Unanimity as a variable affecting conformity

A
  • conformity rates have been found to decline when majority influence is not unanimous
  • for example in Asch’s study there was one confederate who went against the other confederates, conformity dropped
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe Task difficulty as a variable affecting conformity

A
  • greater conformity rates where seen when task difficulty increases as the correct answer becomes less obvious
  • therefore people will look for others for the correct response
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the study used to explain the conformity to social roles in psychology and explain it

A

Stanford prison experiment (Zimbardo)

procedure:
- took place in the basement of the university
- male volunteers assigned roles of either prisoners or guards
- prisoners referred to as numbers
- guards were given uniform and had power to make rules

Findings:
- guards became tyranical and abusive with the prisoners
- prisoners conformed to their roles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the study used to explain situational variables in psychology and explain it

A

Milgram

procedure:
- 40 volunteer participants in each condition
- real participant = teacher
- confederate = learner
- teacher had to administer an increasing shock every time there was a wrong answer (up to 450 volts)
- teacher was given 4 prompts to continue

findings:
- 65% went to 450 volts
- everyone went to 300 volts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Explain proximity as a situational variable affecting conformity

A
  • obedience levels decrease with increasing proximity
  • if the learner was in the same room as the teacher
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Explain location as a situational variable affecting conformity

A
  • obedience levels dropped to 48% for Milgram in a lower status setting
  • compared tot he uni lab which was higher
17
Q

Explain Uniform as a situational variable affecting conformity

A
  • people are more likely to obey someone in uniform
18
Q

Define the Agentic state and what it is

A
  • a person sees themselves as an agent for carrying out another person’s wishes
  • involves moving from an autonomous state where they are responsible for themselves to the agentic state
19
Q

why people adopt an agentic state

A
  • maintain positive self image
  • binding factors operate to maintain obedience
20
Q

Define legitimate authority

A
  • someone who is perceived to be in a position of social control within a situation
21
Q

explain legitimate authority and defining a situation using Milgram’s study as an example

A
  • although a participant is performing the action they allow for the authority figure to define its meaning
  • reffering to Milgram:
    the apparent suffering of the learner convinces him that he should quit however the authority figure (experimenter) orders him to continue
22
Q

KEY STUDY: Elms and Milgram
Explain it

A

procedure :
- 20 obedient, 20 defiant participants
- completed MMPI and Rscale and asked open ended questions

Findings:
- higher levels of authoritarianism in obedient participants
- obedient participants reported to be less close to their fathers

23
Q

What is the Authoritarian personality

A
  • people scoring high on the F scale raised within authoritarian family backgrounds
24
Q

Explain social support when referring to resistance to social influence

A
  • presence of social support enables individuals to resist conformity (ASCH)
  • breaks unanimity
  • disobedient peers act as role models
  • when confederates didn’t conform obedience rates dropped to 10% in Milgram
25
Q

What is an external locus of control

A
  • more passive attitude and greater acceptance of the influence of others
  • believe things happen due to external factors
26
Q

KEY STUDY: Moscovici (minority influence)

A

Procedure:
- groups of four naive participants and 2 confederates
- shown blue slides varying in intensity (confederates called them green)
- group 1 answered consistently and group 2 answered inconsistently

Findings:
- consistent minority influenced naive participants to say green on 8% of trails
- inconsistent minority exerted very little influence

27
Q

What 3 factors can affect minority influence and explain each one

A

Commitment: important as it suggest certainty and confidence

Flexibility: more effective at changing opinion than rigid arguments

Consistency: minorities who were consistent were most influential

28
Q

Describe the process of social change (minority)

A

1- draw attention to issue
2- augmentation principle: suffer
3- snow ball affect (initial small effect grows)

29
Q

What is an internal locus of control

A
  • greater independence and less reliance on the opinions of others

Psychology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions