Social Influence

Question 1

Conformity

Answer 1

A change in a persons behaviour or opinion as a result of a real or imagined pressure from a person or a group of people

Question 2

Majority influence

Answer 2

Yielding to group pressure

Question 3

Compliance

Answer 3

Changing beliefs publicly and not privately to fit in

Question 4

Identification

Answer 4

Confirming publicly and privately but temporarily because you value something eg you value their friendship

Question 5

Internalisation

Answer 5

Public and private genuine belief and a permanent change

Question 6

Aim of Asch’s study

Answer 6

Examine how social pressure from a majority could effect someone’s behaviour

Question 7

Procedure (5 points)

Answer 7

123 male students
Visual perception task
Seven confederates (actors)
18 trials
12 critical trials (wrong answers)

Question 8

Findings

Answer 8

Real participants conformed on 37% of critical trials.
75% of participants conformed on at least one critical trial
25% never conformed
Most knew their answers were incorrect but wanted to fit in as they thought they’d be ridiculed

Question 9

Two process model

Answer 9

The need to be right (ISI)
The need to be liked(NSI)

Question 10

Aims of Zimbardos study

Answer 10

To investigate how readily people would conform to social roles of guard and prisoner
Examine weather behaviour displayed in prisons was due to internal dispositional factors or external situational factors

Question 11

Procedure zimbardos study

Answer 11

Converted Stanford university basement into a mock prison
21 male student volunteers
Prisoners were referred to by a number,issued a uniform, and strip searched
Guards were given ‘symbols of power’
No physical violence was permitted

Question 12

Findings of zimbardos study

Answer 12

Guards began to harass prisoners.
Acted in a brutal and sadistic manner.
Prisoners adopted prisoner like behaviours and became submissive
Guards became aggressive and assertive
The guards became a threat to the prisoners psychological and physical health

Question 13

social influence

Answer 13

the process by which individuals and groups change each others attitudes and behavious

Question 14

obedience

Answer 14

when an individual follows a direct order from a person who is usually a figure of authority who has the power to punish when obedient behaviour doesn’t occur

Question 15

destructive obedience

Answer 15

when an individual obeys an order to do something immoral which causes the individual carrying out the order distress and regret

Question 16

aims of Milgram’s experiment

Answer 16

to know if Germans were different and more obedient to authority than people in other countries.
to find out if ordinary American citizens would obey an unjust order from an authority figure and inflict pain in another.

Question 17

Milgram’s findings

Answer 17

all real participants went to at least 300 volts and 65% continued to 450
participants showed extreme tension three even had seizures

Question 18

Stanford prison experiment aims

Answer 18

to investigate how readily people would conform to the social roles of guard and prisoner in a stimulation of prison life.
to examine whether the behaviour displayed in prison was due to internal dispositional factors or external situational factors

Question 19

situational variables

Answer 19

features of an environment that impact the degree to which individuals obey

Question 20

proximity

Answer 20

the physical closeness or distance of an authoritative figure to the person they are giving an order to