SOCIAL INEQUALITY Flashcards
what has digital communication resulted in?
digital divide
how does some groups differ from others when it comes to social inequality
- find it easier to access the internet, broadband and computers
- some get higher social capital due to easier access t digital communication
what is social capital
the emotional, psychological economic and social benefits from being able to access digital networks and communication
What are the benefits of being able to use the internet and smartphones easily:
emotionally = get messages from worldwide about family members and stay connected
psychologically = Online support groups connect you to others with similar issues, and you can share stories, tips, resources, and emotional support
economic = cost savings, online shopping, coupons an lower prices for consumers resulting in faster growth in living standards.
social = staying connected with friends and family
what’s generational divide?
generation gap in access and use of new media
young grew up with media and easy access + interacts with -peers through phones tablets and computers
which age group is more likely to access the internet?
16-24
how much are 16-24 year olds to access with phones than 55+ year olds
10 times more
compared to old, what are young people more likely to
use internet
use smartphone
confidence in using new media
what’s micro generations
adjacency between the two generations and limited age grade like gen x and gen z
whats net generation
users who grew up in the 90s with the increasingly popular internet. Will use smartphones but still watch television and send emails.
whats digital natives
children born in the 90s who have always known digital communication and are confident in its use.
whats igeneration
children born in the 00s who did not know the earlier slower forms of the internet and are used to complete interactive internet use, constantly uploading and blogging their own content.
who argues about the generational divide
Berry
what does Berry argue
Generational divide
what does Berry argue about the generational divide?
people didn’t have internet access because of a lack of skills or interest in being online.
what kind of barrier prevented older people from accessing the web
psychological
A02 for Berry’s study on the generational divide
Finerday - a social networking site that uses bold font, high contrast colours and simplified format
Whats class divide
- middle and upper class more likely to use the media than lower class
- the poorest class is less likely to use the media
What’s the digital underclass?
a group with limited access to employment education and the internet
what are the websites which attract the upper and middle class?
what kind of websites attract lower class
% of the middle class that own smartphones compared to the working class
middle class 75% own smartphones whereas only 55% own smartphones in the underclass
whose study would you use for class divide?
Mertens and D’haenens
what do Mertens and D’haenens 2010 find about the class divide?
- studied the digital divide in Brussels
- lower social class is linked to lower intranet use
- social class was the biggest influence of the digital divide
% of internet usage in middle and lower-class
81% wc use internet
94% middle class use the internet
% of classes that own game consoles
79% owned in wc
84% of MC
A02 of Mertens and D’haenens 2010
similar results were found in digital access in Brazil and Uruguay
- social class was more important than other factors like age gender and educational level
whats gender divide
men are more likely to use the internet than women
what do men normally access on the internet compared to women?
email, chatrooms and watch videos compared to women who use it for social media like insta, Pinterest
what is the average access to the internet for each gender?
men 23 hours a week
women 18 hrs a week
what do statistics in the US show about the gender divide?
- younger women are more likely to use digital forms of communication to maintain social relationships and have less time to find info
- 69% of gamers on FB are women
- 25% of males watch YouTube daily
what is the gender divide study that can be used by?
Li and Kirkup
How did Li and Kirkup research the gender divide?
investigated differences in the use of the Internet and computers in Chinese and British students
- used 220 Chinese and 245 British student
- self-report survey questionnaires
what did Li and Kirkup find?
men in both countries used the Internet more
used it for gaming
higher in Britain than Chinese
What’s global divide?
the developing world has some access to digital communication but is still considerably behind in its use of digital communication
what does global divide result in?
people becoming marginalised and disadvantaged
which people would u mention for social inequalities communication and globalisation?
Generational Divide - Berry
Class divide - Mertens and D’haenens
Gender divide - Li and Kirkup
