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Social Inclusion and Exclusion Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is pluralism?

A

Pluralism is ‘an interpretation of social diversity’ . It refers to the maintenance of unique characteristics in a society without being reduced to a ‘homogenous mass’. For this to work, certain groups and individuals don’t lose their unique characters *culture, belief, religion), even if they are a minority in a larger society

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2
Q

What is social stratification?

A

Social stratification is where groups and persons in a society are separated into distinct, explicit hierarchies.

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3
Q

What is an example of social stratification?

A

Indian caste system

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4
Q

What are Socially valued resources (SVRs)?

A

These are essential resources and services that a socially included person has ready and sufficient access to in society.

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5
Q

What are the 6 SVRs that we study?

A

Education
Housing
Employment
Health Care
Technologies
The Justice System

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6
Q

What is social exclusion?

A

The failure of society to provide individuals and groups with access to those rights that are normally extended to its members in the relevant SVRs.

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7
Q

What is social inclusion? (according to textbook)

A

Social inclusion is the process of improving the terms on which individuals and groups take part in society. This is done through giving them access to various SVRs

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8
Q

How do SVRs promote social inclusion?

A

They allow for people to make a choice. It provides the CAPABILITY to make a choice of whether or not peoples want to participate in society, whether or not it be to learn or to work, etc. , which thus leads to inclusion

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9
Q

How is Choice determined?

A

Opportunity provided

Capability to accept the opportunity

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10
Q

What is an example of social exclusion on a micro scale?

A

Migrants are typically socially excluded during covid because they are already disadvantaged from migrating (thus only having casual and part time jobs), and then covid limits them even more with how much they can earn, thus reducing their access to SVRs

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11
Q

What is an example of social exclusion a meso scale?

A

School divide. 4 richest schools spend $402 million to teach 13000 students. Poorest 1800 schools get $370 million to teach 170 000 students

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12
Q

What is an example of social exclusion on a macro scale?

A

Social exclusion for those in rural health. People in rural areas are more likely to die early than those in cities.

Furthermore, those in rural areas are less likely to want to take care of their health (i.e. dental health) because it costs a lot of money, thus leading to social exclusion as they are denied the SVR of health

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13
Q

What organisation is trying to improve social inclusion on the macro scale of a society?

A

The Royal Flying Doctor Service. They are trying to help health outcomes in rural areas. They are also attempting to prepare rural GPs

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14
Q

How does education (as a SVR) contribute to social inclusion?

A

With reference to the meaning of social inclusion according to ASIB:

Education allows for people to have the opportunity to learn in schools, which has a domino effect on their ability to work. Education enables many people to garner skills which are required to participate in parts of society. For example, learning about maths will enable to follow career paths into things such as engineering, nuclear physics etc. This thus allows people to participate in society through being employed in these fields. This also shows that there is a constant cycle of social exclusion in areas with little education such as Elcho Island, as they will no longer have access to higher paying jobs etc.

Education also allows for people to engage with society through providing language as a platform to communicate. Furthermore, it enables you to have a voice through teaching how people how to express their opinions, and thus enable them to influence decisions that affect them. This idea is seen with Eddie Mabo who was quite well educated which enabled him to raise his voice when he understood something to be wrong

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15
Q

What is social inclusion? (according to the Australian Social Inclusion Board (ASIB) framework)

A

Being socially included means that people have the resources, opportunities, and capabilities to:
Learn (participate in education and training)

Work (participate in employment, unpaid or voluntary)

Engage ( Connect with people, use local services and participate in local, cultural, civic and recreational activities)

Have a Voice (Influence decisions that affect them)

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16
Q

Why is Eddie Mabo significant?

A

Mabo is significant as he is a perfect example of how education leads to social inclusion

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17
Q

How is Eddie Mabo significant in showing that education is required to have a voice? How is Mabo’s story a story about social inclusion/

A

Eddie Mabo grew up with a pretty good education. This allowed him to participate in employment, in the form of being a cane cutter and gardener (better than most Aboriginals back then), which socially included him as he was then able to access housing. He is thus able to have a voice as he was educated and allowed for him to express his knowledge of his traditional culture to argue for land rights in the justice system (another SVR).

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18
Q

What could be seven similarities or differences between individuals and groups in societies and cultures?

A

Socio-economic class
Gender
Age
Ability
Ethnic background
Belief system or Ideology
Location

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19
Q

How is social inclusion generated? (3)

A

Improve access to SVRs
Improve life outcomes
Reduce negative perceptions

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20
Q

How is social inclusion maintained?

A

Creation of laws to help maintain inclusion

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21
Q

What are four historical forces which maintain social inclusion and/or exclusion?

A

Charles Perkin’s Freedom Rides

Adam Goodes is booed by AFL fans around the country and retires because of this

Black Lives Matter inspire similar rallies in Australia regarding Indigenous peoples

Aboriginal Stock workers protest against living conditions in the Wave Hill Walk Off

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22
Q

What is the significance of the ‘Freedom Rides’ in Australia?

A

The Freedom Rides were inspired by the Freedom Riders in the US. It was led by an Aboriginal by the names of Charles Perkins. As part of it, they travelled into NSW country towns which have been known to have discriminatory practices against Aboriginals to raise awareness of discrimination. They encountered a lot of segregation and faced violence when raising the issue of Indigenous rights. They protested for hours at segregated areas such as pools and parks. This is one of the factors which led to the result of the 1967 referendum which removed discriminatory sections from the Australian Constitution

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23
Q

What is the significance of Adam Goodes in expressing social exclusion?

A

Adam Goodes is an Aboriginal AFL player. He is known as someone who was continually booed out of the AFL stadiums he played at in 2015. This arose especially after racism towards his Aboriginal ethnicity came up. This showed that there was a largely negative perception of Indigenous Australians during that time. This negative perception can lead to exclusion

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24
Q

What is the wave hill walk off?

A

In 1966, 200 Gurindji stockmen, and domestic workers and families incited strike at Wave Hill Station.

Initially, this was a strike against the working and living conditions that Aboriginals faced during this time, with many being forced to work in poor living conditions where abuse was rampant. Didn’t receive proper pay and women got abused in this environment. Little human rights here. Wasn’t paying the minimum age. Lived in small iron houses without proper sanitation etc. Children worked illegally

The other more significant demand that the strike was for included the return of some of the traditional lands of the Gurindji people. Ultimately, after years of protest, this was returned to them. This is the basis of land rights now

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25
Q

What are seven legal forces which maintain social inclusion and/or exclusion? (6)

A

Batman’s Treaty(1827) and it’s rejection by Governor Bourke(1835)

(1867-1911) Protectionism acts implemented throughout the states

1901 ‘White Australia’ Policy

1962 ATSI peoples given the right to vote

Anti Discrimination Act

Fair Work Act

Mandatory Sentencing Act (WA NT)

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26
Q

What are nine political forces which maintain social inclusion and/or exclusion?

A

Governor Bourke’s rejection of Batman’s treaty

Protectionism laws

Assimilation as a national policy in 1937

Bringing Them Home Report

Closing The Gap campaign

2008 PM Apology

Anti-Discrimination Act - The Act presently provides protection from discrimination in relation to most grounds on the basis of neutrality

Fair Work Act

National Employment Standards

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27
Q

What are four economic forces which maintain social inclusion and/or exclusion?

A

There is the employment of women into the majority of the workforce during WW1 because of most men at war, which means that women are increasingly becoming accepted into society

Similar thing happened in WW2

Covid-19 bringing people who are already disadvantaged to be more disadvantaged.

Reduction of gender pay gap

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28
Q

How has covid-19 as an economic factor affected social exclusion?

A

Covid-19 bringing people who are already disadvantaged to be more disadvantaged. This is seen through the loss of employment for many people including already disadvantaged people. For example, migrants who are already disadvantaged will face more social exclusion after being faced with less job opportunities, inflation and stagnating wages.

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29
Q

What are the six closing the gap targets?

A

Close life expectancy gap within a generation

Halve the gap in mortality rates for Indigenous children under five within a decade

Ensure access to early childhood education for all Indigienous four year olds in remote communities within five years

Halve the gap in reading, writing and numeracy achievements for children within a decade

Halve the gap for indigenous students in year 12 attainment rates by 2022

Halve the gap in employment outcomes between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians within a decade

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30
Q

What is Digital Inclusion?

A

Digital inclusion is about ensuring that all Australians can access and use digital technologies effectively to allow them to participate in society further

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31
Q

What is Digital Exclusion?

A

Digital exclusion refers to when a section of the population have continuing unequal access and capacity to use Information and Communication Technologies that are essential to fully participate in society

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32
Q

What is the Australian Digital Inclusion Index?

A

The Index utilises survey data to measure digital inclusion across three dimensions of Access, Affordability and Digital Ability

33
Q

Why is Digital Inclusion important? (4)

A

Supports business and enterprise development

Enables opportunities for learning and skills development

Facilitates more efficient delivery and uptake of critical services, including healthcare. I.e Telehealth

Supports new ways to strengthen cultural identity, traditions and activities and enhance connections to community and country

34
Q

How does limited access to modern technologies and communication result in emerging social exclusion? (4)

A

Lack of communication and isolation

Barrier to studies and knowledge

Accentuates social differences (i.e. worsens already bad SVR conditions)

Lack of access to essential services such as healthcare, i.e. telehealth , and also education, i.e. Online learning

35
Q

What is the Digital Ability Age-gap (18-34 vs 75 year olds)?What is it for 75 YO

A

54.4 age gap (with +75 year olds having 27.2)

36
Q

What is the Digital Ability Gender gap? What is it for females

A

1.4 gender gap with females having 64

37
Q

What are possible strategies to reduce social exclusion? (4)

A

Introduce a decent social safety net

Introduce various forms of secure and affordable housing

Support children and families

Create decent, sustainable work, and help people into jobs

38
Q

What are potential strategies to reduce prejudice and discrimination in Australia? (3)

A

Run anti-discrimination and prejudice programs which are targeted for a younger audience to socialise them into being anti discriminatory

Creation of a national body which looks after inquiries and complaints into prejudice and discrimination

Make punishments harsher for those who perpetrate prejudice and/or discrimination

39
Q

What is Batman’s treaty? Why is it significant in promoting social inclusion/exclusion?

A

Batman’s treaty was an agreement between John Batman and a group of Aboriginal elders for the purchase of land around Port Phillip. It is important as it was the first time that Europeans actually negotiated their occupation with Aboriginals This is significant in promoting social inclusion as it includes the Aboriginal people in economic matters which relate to them. This agreement also shows that there is a sense of a positive perception towards Indigenous Australians by Batman, which leads to socially including them.

40
Q

What is the rejection of Batman’s treaty by Governor Bourke? Why is it significant in promoting social inclusion/exclusion?

A

The rejection of Batman’s treaty of Governor Bourke was a controversial decision, which meant that the agreement was annulled under the idea that the Crown owwned all the land, and that Batman had to bargain with the Crown as opposed to the Aboriginals. Essentially claiming the land as the Crown’s property. This led to social exclusion as Indigenous Australians were denied their traditional access to land. This limited their access to housing which thus led to …. It also overall created a negative perception of Aboriginal people as they are perceived as outsiders who don’t have any rights. It also created the social perception that they are aliens who don’t belong. These negative preconceptions lead to the social exclusion of ATSI people on various levels of society.

Ultimately led to a doctrine of precedence, where Indigenous Australians were unable to have land rights

41
Q

What are the protectionism laws? Why is it significant in promoting social inclusion/exclusion?

A

The protectionism laws typically refers to the 1909 Aborigines Protection Act, as well as the 1915 amendment to the act. The 1915 amendment gave the Aborigines Protection Board the power to remove any Aboriginal child from their family at any time and any reason, under the guise of looking after the ‘moral and physical welfare’ of an Indigenous child. This is what ultimately led to the Stolen Generation. Leading to the process of assimilation. This ultimately promoted social exclusion. As social inclusion is determined by having the choice to participate in parts of society, these policies have led to many ATSI people not being able to participate in society. For example, the Western families who adopted the Aboriginals treated them as slaves, and thus limited their access to education. Because they are under the ‘protection’ of these White families, they don’t have any choice with what they want to do, thus leading to social exclusion.

42
Q

What is the White Australia Policy? Why is it significant in promoting social inclusion/exclusion?

A

This is a term referring to a set of historical policies that aimed to forbid people of non-European ethnic origin from immigrating to Australia (especially Asians and Pacific Islanders). This essentially gave British migrants preference over others. It gave immigration officers the power to make any non-European migrant sit a 50 word dictation test which was given in European language. This was essentially impossible as many migrants don’t know the European language. This led to many being rejected from coming into Australia. This is social exclusion as it leads to the denial of choice in participating in Australian society. They are not given any opportunity to join society. Furthermore, they are denied all SVRs available in Australia.

43
Q

What is the Assimilation policy in 1937? Why is it significant in promoting social inclusion/exclusion?

A

This policy basically outlined the expectation that all Aborigines and part-Aborigines are expected to eventually be assimilated into Australian culture, and are forced to accept the same customs and beliefs as the European settlers. This led to the massive loss of culture for many Aborigines. In some ways, this was an attempt at socially including Aboriginals into Australian society. This is achieved through encouraging ‘nomadic’ Aboriginals to settle down and made health services, schooling, housing, and vocational training available to many Aboriginals. However, the methods of trying to achieve this ultimately led to social exclusion as Aboriginals weren’t given the choice whether or not they wanted to participate in society, and there was a negative perception of them and also, they were more likely to commit crimes, and consumer illicit substances which further led to a negative perception and the exclusion of them from society

44
Q

What is the Bringing Them Home Report? Why is it significant in promoting social inclusion/exclusion?

A

This as the final report of the National Inquiry into the Separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children from Their Families.

This was a landmark report as it raised awareness of the Australian public of the historical policies of forced removal during the Stolen Generation. The reaction was one of shock and horror. This had a massive impact as it allowed for the stories of ATSI people to be told and have their pain publicly acknowledged and heard. This led to a step in healing the negative perceptions of ATSI people. This had a significant impact on tthe inclusion of ATSI pople as it meant that people’s negative perceptions were challengd, prhaps leading to more positive or at least neutral preconceptions about ATSI people, as compared to previous negative preconceptions. This also led to the widespread acceptance of Aboriginals into Australian society. This is because after understanding what they have been through, Australians will accept them more.

45
Q

What is the Closing The Gap campaign? Why is it significant in promoting social inclusion/exclusion?

A

The Closing the Gap campaign was an Indigenous Health Campaign. It aimed to close the health and life expectancy gap between ATSI peoples and non-Indigenous Australians by 2030. It was however, discovered to be relatively unsuccessful as the government wasn’t able to meet the majority of targets set. However, it also aims to improve other SVRs such as housing, access to justice system, and digital inclusion.

This aims to promote social inclusion through providing Aboriginals access to the SVR of healthcare. This is likely to improve their health outcomes, and thus allow for them to participate in society. All of these aims to improve these various SVRs have multiple beneficial effects on the social inclusion of Aboriginals as it shows an attempt at improving ATSI people’s access to SVRs

46
Q

What is the Clean Slate Without Prejudice program? Why is it significant in promoting social inclusion/exclusion?

A

This is a program (CSWP) which supports Indigenous youth between the ages of 12 to 25. It’s aim is to support youth in the community through allowing for them to learn and practice culture, discipline and respect. It’s aim is change the negative habits amongst ATSI community and create positive habits and routine . It also allows for a platform where youth can use up their energy, which can perhaps lead to less crime and incarceration rates through the development of discipline and routine as well.

The program aims at making a positive relationship between local Aboriginal community and their local police. Overall, this has led to a drop in Aboriginal youth being arrested, and there has also been an increase in school attendance levels. Having regular interactions also allow for more opportunities for young people to talk about various issues such as drug addiction and other challenges to elders/mentors which will instil a positive personality in them

Overall, this has created social inclusion through improving the interactions of ATSI youth with the justice system and education, thus allowing for their participation in society and overall social inclusion.

47
Q

What is the Ampere Mwerre Visitor park? Why is it significant in promoting social inclusion/exclusion?

A

The Ampere Mwerre Visitor park was supplied by the Commonwealth Government in 2011 (government means of increasing social inclusion). This is a form of housing promoted by both the government and the community which promotes either really cheap or free housing and food, depending on income. In Alice Springs.

This has reduced the impact of short-term homelessness for Aboriginals visitors and overcrowding in town camps and social housing. This promotes social inclusion as it means that Aboriginals have access to the SVR of housing, which allows many to worry about getting a job, etc., rather than having to find a roof above their heads. It also improves their health, thus showing that the housing improves various SVRs which ultimately lead to the inclusion of Aboriginal peoples

48
Q

What is the Tangentyere Council Night Patrol? Why is it significant in promoting social inclusion/exclusion?

A

This night patrol improves the safety of the Tangentyere community in Alice Springs. It assists people at risk including intoxicated people, victims of violence and homeless people. This is done through patrolling the streets and local community areas, where they may be lots of issues with the justice system. They focus on early intervention and crime prevention and diversion.

This is a good community initiative which promotes social inclusion. This is because it improves Aboriginal access to SVRs of healthcare and justice systems. With reference to justice systems, there is a chance of lower negative interactions with the justice system. It also makes sure that many who are undertaking violent or dangerous behaviours get home safely, thus improving the healthcare of many, and thus the improvement of the SVR of healthcaare.

49
Q

What is the Tribal Warrior Association? Why is it significant in promoting social inclusion/exclusion?

A

The Tribal Warrior Association was founded in 1998 by a group of Redfern residents who wanted to revitalise Aboriginal culture through economic and social stability. The core of the work revolves around mentoring younger members of the community, sharing and practicing culture, providing employment pathway opportunities, facilitating economic participation, reducing Indigenous youth’s trouble with the law. This organisation runs the Clean Slate Without Prejudice program.

This leads to social inclusion as it allows ATSI people to access the SVR of employment. This will have a domino effect on the other, various SVRs, which will further the idea of this community initiative promoting social inclusion

50
Q

What are the different perceptions that Australians have towards Aboriginals?

A

Mostly there are negative perceptions, as shown in the TV show called ‘First Contact’. Many participants viewed ATSI peoples as useless members of society who were just living off government payments without doing anything and that they often spent that money on drugs, alcohol etc.

51
Q

Why might Australians have certain preconceived ideas towards Aboriginals?

A

Personal Experience

Villainization by the media

Not enough contact with Aboriginals

52
Q

How do preconceived ideas affect how Indigenous people are treated?

A

The negative stereotypes associated with Indigenous Australians mean that people are more likely to discriminate against them. This is because they do not have a proper understanding of Aboriginal culture to be able to make appropriate judgements on the culture. This will most likely make us associate Aboriginals with a negative stereotype, and thus lead to excluding them because of ideas that they are violent, etc.

53
Q

What is the chance that members of the stolen generation will be charged by police?

A

50%

54
Q

What is the chance that stolen generation will consume more alcohol at risky levels

A

15%

55
Q

What is the employment rate for Aboriginals?

A

Around 50%

56
Q

What are the PERSONAL effects of the stolen generation on those who were stolen? (3)

A

Loss of identity
Mistrust of government and everyone around them
Violence

57
Q

What are the effects of the stolen generation on RELATIONSHIPS? (3)

A

Unable to bond with family
Inability to form relationships
Difficulty parenting

58
Q

What are the effects of the stolen generation on the Justice system? (2)

A

No Birth certificates
Increased criminal offenses

59
Q

What are the effects of the stolen generation on health? (4)

A

Not visiting medical services (due to distrust)
Substance and alcohol abuse
Lower life expectancy
Intergenerational trauma

60
Q

What are the CULTURAL effects of the stolen generation (3)

A

Loss of cultural affiliation
Loss of language
Loss of land

61
Q

What is the incarceration rate of ATSI people?

A

They constitute 27% of prison population

62
Q

What is the percentage of ATSI people employed? (2008 vs 2018-19)

A

49% in 2018-19
48% in 2008

63
Q

What is the percentage of ATSI youth (20-24) who had attained a Year 12 or equivalent certification in 2011 vs 2018-19?

A

2011- 54%
2018-19 - 66%

64
Q

What percentage of ATSI people are in social housing in 2012-13 vs 2018-19?

A

37.7% (2012-13)
33.6% (2018-19)

65
Q

Are ATSI people likely to go visit doctors?

A

Less likely to visit doctors due to costs involved as well as a distrust in them

66
Q

How many years earlier will Aboriginal people die as compared to non-Aboriginal Australians? Has it improved?

A

8-9 years earlier. Life expectancy has improved over the years due to various forms of government intervention

67
Q

What are some community organisations focussed on creating social inclusion in Indigenous Australia groups? (10)

A

Clean Slate Without Prejudice

Closing The Gap Campaign

Ampere Mwerre Visitor Park

Tangentyere Council Night Patrol(?)

Tribal Warrior Association

Aboriginal Housing Office (AHO)

Batchelor Institute

Literacy for Life Foundation (LFLF)

Lyfe Languages Program

Indigital Schools

68
Q

How many more times likely is an Aboriginal likely to leave hospital before emergency treatment because they don’t feel comfortable?

A

1.5 times

69
Q

What is the Aboriginal Housing Office (AHO)? Why is it significant in promoting social inclusion/exclusion? (4)

A

It is a statutory body established under the Aboriginal Housing Act 1998 (NSW) to ensure that ATSI people have access to affordable, quality housing

It aims to:

Provide Housing Solutions: Deliver housing solutions with Aboriginal families based on demand for social and affordable housing

Achieve Client Outcomes: Achieve better outcomes with Aboriginal tenants and clients through partnerships with Aboriginal organisations and by creating study, work and business opportunities

Growing the sector: Strengthening and growing Aboriginal Community Housing Providers through sector investment, regulation and transfer of housing and property management

Improving data and evidence: Improving data collection, evaluation and analysis of the current housing climate to plan and in invest in the future of the sector

70
Q

What is the Batchelor Institute? Why is it significant in promoting social inclusion/exclusion

A

The Batchelor Institute is an initiative that focuses on educating ATSI peoples and increases their likelihood of employment. The Institute offers a range of courses aligned to employment opportunities in remote communities. Thus allowing access to the SVR of education and employment

I.e. preparatory courses, VET certificates, diploma level courses, higher education degrees, postgraduate course work, research programs, certificates of early childhood development etc.

71
Q

What is the Literacy For Life Foundation? Why is it significant in promoting social inclusion/exclusion? (5)

A

The Literacy For Life Foundation (LFLF) is an initiative that focuses on increasing the literacy rates of ATSI people in certain communities which have been identified as having extremely low literacy rates amongst the community.

This will allow for various benefits such as:

Greater uptake of health services
Improved school attendance and results for children and grandchildren of participants
Established pathways to employment
Reduced interactions between Aboriginal adults and police
Allows for greater employability

72
Q

What percentage of Aboriginal adults have low literacy on average compared to low literacy in remote communities?

A

40% of Aboriginal adults have low literacy on average, whereas 70% of Aboriginal adults have low literacy in remote communities

73
Q

What is the Lyfe Languages Program? Why is it significant in promoting social inclusion/exclusion?

A

The Lyfe Languages Program is a youth driven initiative which assists in allowing ATSI people to have access to the SVR of health care. The purpose of the program is to translate complex medical terminology into ATSI languages across Australia. It also aims to improve the line of communication between health services and Indigenous speaking Australians

74
Q

What is the Indigital Schools Program? Why is it significant in promoting social inclusion/exclusion?

A

The Indigital Schools program is a program for primary and high school students, and enables both Indigenous and non-Indigeenous kids to connect with and learn from Indigenous elders about cultural knowledge, history and language, all while learning digital skills in cutting-edge technology such as augmented reality, animation, audio recording and coding

75
Q

What is the Fair Work Act? How does it contribute to social inclusion/exclusion?

A

The Fair work Act provides a safety net of minimum entitlements, enable flexible working arrangements and fairness at work and prevent discrimination against employees. This prevents social exclusion through the removal of the SVR of employment for many Australian groups which thus allows for theem to be socially included, which will have further beneficial impacts in relation to their access of other SVRs

76
Q

What is the National Employment Standards? How does it contribute to social inclusion/exclusion?

A

Includes around 11 standards which apply to all employees, such as a maximum weekly hours, minimum wage, leave, public holidays. This ensures that everyone is on an even playing field even those who may be disadvantaged such as women having to leave their job to take care of their baby (thus being allowed to take leave, etc.)

77
Q

What are the mandatory sentencing laws in NT?

A

The NT has had mandatory sentencing for some decades. Mandatory penalties applied to a range of offences and operated on a ‘three strikes’ basis, in which adult offenders faced mandatory minimum terms of imprisonment at each strike (14 days, 90 days, 12 months) no matter how minor the crime may be. However they may appeal for exceptional circumstances. However this has a negative impact on ATSI people as their population is quite high in these regions, and even if they commit a minor crime they will be hit with a sentence, which basically limits their ability to participate in society further

78
Q

What is the Aboriginal Legal Service(ALS)? Why is it important in helping achieve social inclusion of ATSI people?

A

It is a community run organisation in NSW and ACT founded in 1970 to provide free legal services to ATSI people across a various number of courts such as the family court, criminal court and care and protection courts. This enables ATSI people to be on an even footing with the rest of society and prevent discriminatory decisions from the justice system in sentencing ATSI people

79
Q

How are ATSI people being socially excluded in terms of the SVR of housing?

A

This is seen in the hardship that ATSI people face when attempting to gain access to housing in the private rental market, all because they are Aboriginal, and that there are negative perceptions linked towards them such as doing drugs or taking part in sketchy activity and not taking care of the house well, which leads many not to allow for private rental. 80% of 68 survey respondents have experienced or witnessed someone experiencing racial discrimination from landlords or real estate agents

Society and Culture (15 decks)

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