Social Groups- Gender

Question 1

Socialisation AO1

Answer 1

Miller and Hoffmann
-females are brought up to be more submissive, passive and obedient and more involved with feelings, cooperation and caring
Girls are encouraged to adopt the bedroom culture
Qualities valued by religion, followers and expected to obey church teaching

Question 2

Socialisation AO3

Answer 2

Postmodernists-
Outdated, bedroom culture may not be relevant today as society has changed
Women are now more active and independent not passive

Question 3

Nurturing and motherhood AO1

Answer 3

Bruce
Women’s socialisation into traditional femininity, with child bearing and rearing
Make them less confrontational, less domineering, more cooperative and more caring
Greater involvement in mainstream denominations, religious sects and NAM
Halman and Draulans- these roles give women a greater focus on family and they are more likely to take charge of children’s moral development and use religion for this

Question 4

Nurturing and motherhood AO3

Answer 4

Neo conventional family is becoming more dominant
Going against expressive role idea
Women are breaking theough the glass ceiling
Eg more females in managerial roles

Question 5

Closer to ultimate Q’s AO1

Answer 5

Davie
Women are more exposed than men to ultimate questions about life and death that religion answers
Biological involvement through childbirth and greater participation in paid caring job
Eg teachers nursers social workers and care assistants
Women also tend to be main carers for children, elderly, disabled, sick and dying

Question 6

Closer to ultimate Q’s AO3

Answer 6

Science is finding more answers due to increase in secularisation
People turn to science more than religion eg to explain medical conditions

Question 7

Life expectancy AO1

Answer 7

Women live longer than men
More likely to be widowed and living on their own as they grow older
May turn to religion for support and comfort

Question 8

Life expectancy AO3

Answer 8

Widows going to church may be due to social element rather than the religious element

Question 9

Compensation for deprivation AO1

Answer 9

Glock and Stark
Religion offers compensators
Organismic deprivation- women more likely to suffer ill health and seek healing through religion
Ethical deprivation- women tend to be more morally conservative, likely to regard the world as in moral decline and be attracted to sects which share this view
Social deprivation- women more likely to be poor

Question 10

Compensation for deprivation AO3

Answer 10

Women may not be socially deprived as much as they used to be due to changing position of women, allowing them to earn more and break through the glass ceiling