Social Developments In Mozambique Flashcards
Provide examples of developments made in education.
- Liceu Salazar (Salazar High School):
Year of Construction: 1941
Purpose: Liceu Salazar was a prestigious secondary school located in Lourenço Marques (now Maputo), the capital city of Mozambique. It served as a center for higher education, offering a curriculum that included humanities, sciences, and vocational training. The school aimed to educate a select group of students, primarily from the Portuguese elite and wealthy African families, to become future leaders and professionals.
Positive impact of development in education.
- Introduction of formal education systems: Colonial powers established formal education systems, which increased literacy rates and provided basic education to a broader population.
- Expansion of educational opportunities: Education became more accessible to Africans, enabling some to pursue higher levels of learning and enter professions previously restricted to Europeans.
- Development of educational infrastructure: Schools, colleges, and training institutions were built, laying the foundation for future educational institutions in post-colonial Africa.
- Promotion of Western knowledge and skills: The education system introduced Western knowledge, languages, and skills, which facilitated communication and interaction with the global community.
Negative impact of development in education.
- Eurocentric curriculum: The education system often promoted Eurocentric perspectives and marginalized indigenous knowledge and cultures.
- Limited access for the masses: Despite improvements, access to education remained limited for many Africans, especially in rural areas and among marginalized communities.
- Reinforcement of social hierarchies: Education sometimes reinforced social hierarchies, with privileged groups gaining better access to quality education and opportunities.
- Lack of relevance: The curriculum often did not address the local context and needs of African societies, leading to a perceived disconnect between education and daily life.
Provide examples of developments made in healthcare.
- Hospital Central de Maputo (Maputo Central Hospital):
Year of Construction: 1905 (originally as the D. Maria Pia Hospital)
Purpose: Initially built as a military hospital, it later became a general hospital serving the civilian population of Maputo (then known as Lourenço Marques). Over time, it evolved into one of Mozambique’s major referral hospitals, providing a wide range of medical services.
Positive impact of development made in healthcare.
- Establishment of healthcare facilities: Colonial administrations built hospitals, clinics, and health centers, improving access to healthcare services.
- Disease control and prevention: Efforts were made to control and prevent diseases such as malaria, smallpox, and tuberculosis, leading to improved public health outcomes.
- Medical training and expertise: Medical schools and training programs were established, producing local healthcare professionals and experts.
Introduction of modern medicine: Western medical practices and treatments were introduced, supplementing traditional healing methods and improving healthcare standards.
Negative impacts of developments made in healthcare.
- Unequal access: Healthcare services were often unequally distributed, with urban areas and European settlers receiving better quality care than rural communities and indigenous populations.
Limited focus on preventive care: The healthcare system primarily focused on curative care, neglecting preventive healthcare measures and public health education. - Exploitation of medical resources: Colonial powers sometimes exploited local medical resources and personnel for their own interests, leading to resource depletion and brain drain.
- Cultural insensitivity: Western medical practices sometimes clashed with traditional healing practices and beliefs, leading to cultural tensions and resistance to healthcare interventions.
Provide examples of developments made in urbanization.
-Lourenço Marques (Maputo):
Purpose: Administrative, Commercial, and Strategic
Maputo, formerly known as Lourenço Marques, was the capital city of Portuguese Mozambique and served as the administrative center of the colony. It was a major port city that facilitated trade and transportation between Mozambique and Portugal. Additionally, Maputo was strategically important due to its proximity to South Africa and its role in regional politics and diplomacy.
Positive impact of development made in urbanization.
- Development of urban infrastructure such as roads, bridges, and buildings.
- Creation of employment opportunities in urban centers.
- Concentration of resources and services in cities, improving access to education and healthcare for some.
- Emergence of urban economies and markets.
Introduction of modern amenities such as electricity and sanitation systems in urban areas.
Negative impact of developments made in urbanization.
- Displacement of rural populations and disruption of traditional livelihoods.
- Overcrowding and inadequate housing in urban areas.
- Emergence of social inequalities and class divides in cities.
- Exploitative labor practices and poor working conditions in urban industries.
- Environmental degradation and pollution in urban centers.
