Social Developments In Kenya Flashcards
1
Q
Provide examples of education policies introduced in Kenya?
A
- The Fraser Commission of 1908 had recommended for a racially segregated system of education.
- In 1924 the Phelps-Stokes education Commissioners toured Kenya with the aim of identifying the African educational needs.
2
Q
What were the results of the Fraser Commission on education?
A
- In 1918 the education Commission made the following recommendations to the government in line with the Fraser Commission report of 1908. It recommended that:
Technical education to be provided to Africans.
Government was to maintain the racially segregated schools
There would be more cooperation between the colonial administration and the Christian missionaries.
They appealed for grants in aid of mission schools.
3
Q
What were the recommendations of the Phelps-Stokes commission?
A
- There should be a uniform system of education in all government and missionary schools.
- More teachers and other personnel be trained by building of more colleges.
More schools should be built in rural areas. Therefore the Local Native Councils established schools for Africans from 1924 which included Kagumo, Kisii, Kakamega and Machakos high schools.
4
Q
What were the results of the Phelps-Stokes Commission on Education?
A
- Set up an education ordinance that controlled and supervised education.
Led to the building of the native industrial training centre at Kabete in 1924 and the Jeanes School, Kabete 1925 to offer technical and industrial training. Others like Kapsabet, Kajiado, Tambach, Kitui, Kwale, Kabianga and Kapenguria also followed.
5
Q
Provide examples of policies implemented with regard to healthcare.
A
- In 1921 the Public Health Ordinance empowered the medical department to use preventive rather than curative measures in the whole country for a 10 year period.
6
Q
What were the positive impacts of developments made in healthcare?
A
- Establishment of Healthcare Infrastructure: Colonial authorities built hospitals, clinics, and dispensaries across Kenya, improving access to medical services for many people.
- Introduction of Modern Medical Practices: The colonial period saw the introduction of modern medical practices, equipment, and medications, leading to advancements in healthcare delivery.
- Reduction in Mortality Rates: Improved healthcare facilities and medical interventions contributed to a reduction in mortality rates from diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis, and other common ailments.
- Training of Local Healthcare Workers: Colonial healthcare initiatives included training programs for local nurses, midwives, and medical assistants, creating opportunities for Africans to enter the healthcare profession.
- Public Health Initiatives: Colonial authorities implemented public health campaigns, including vaccination programs and sanitation measures, which helped control the spread of diseases and improve community health.
7
Q
What were the challenges faced with development made in healthcare?
A
- Limited Access for Indigenous Communities: Despite improvements, healthcare services were often concentrated in urban areas and inaccessible to many rural and remote indigenous communities.
- Healthcare Inequality: There were disparities in healthcare access based on race and socioeconomic status, with better services available to Europeans and wealthier Africans compared to the majority of the population.
- Underfunding and Resource Constraints: Healthcare facilities often faced underfunding and resource shortages, leading to inadequate staffing, equipment, and medication supplies.
- Cultural and Language Barriers: Colonial healthcare systems sometimes disregarded traditional healing practices and languages, creating cultural barriers to healthcare access for some communities.
- Limited Local Control: The colonial administration retained control over healthcare policies and decision-making, limiting the autonomy and self-determination of local communities in managing their healthcare needs.
