Social Developments 1951-64 Flashcards
How we’re living standards changing?
More jobs Extra income Tech - labour saving Higher education People more segregated - less social activities Decline in sexual morality Young sceptical of traditional values
What are the problems with the affluent society?
Materialistic values
Increase in juvenile delinquency
Prostitution and illegitimacy - decline in sexual morality
Name two popular magazines on the 60s
The practical householder
Man about the house
How many homes have a garden in the sixties?
4 out of 5
When is the worlds first hover - mower?
1969 - Flymo
What was a popular woman’s magazine in the sixties?
Stitchcraft
What were the changes in leisure outside the home?
Pubs Outdoor games + cinema declined Eating establishments appeared Shopping centres Caravanning
Who is Barry bucknell?
Bbcs own diy expert
What was Barry’s 1950s series and how many people watched it?
Do it yourself
7 million people
He’s a household name
What was Barry’s new series in 1962?
Bucknells house
32 week series of him restoring it
What show did Percy thrower do?
1969 gardeners world
How many homes had a TV in 1964?
17 million
13 million had itv
What were the reasons for the growth in leisure?
Shorter working hours Paid leave of two weeks TVs Improved education - social mobility Rising incomes Cars Tourism industry
What were the working hours in the 60s?
Pre 1945 48hours
1950s 40 hours
1960s weekends off
How many industrial companies had increased their workers paid leave to two weeks?
99%
What had the men’s weekly wage risen to in 1961?
£8.30 1951
£15.35 1961
How many families had a car by 1964?
38%
What was the growth of the tourism industry?
Butlins
Package holidays
Cheaper air travel
What does having a car mean?
People can travel easier and quicker than train - more direct routes
What bypass was being built in 1959?
St. Albans bypass
132 new bridges built for it eg bridge over river ooze
17miles service roads built
What was good about the work created by St. Albans bypass?
4000 men employed
Workers had to be brought in from the commonwealth because there weren’t enough people in Britain
How many holidays were being taken in 1971 compared to 1961 and 1951?
41 million
61 - 34 million
51 - 27 million
How many holidays were taken abroad in 1971 compared to 1961?
7 million
61 - 4 million
Why did butlins ban single teenagers in 1968?
Dens of vice and vandalism were being reported in newspapers driving families away
What did the issue of new passports do in 1956-66
Double
When did British overseas air corporation begin its first regular Boeing 707 service from London to New York?
1960
Which airways served holidaymakers traveling to Spain?
Britannia airways 1964
How much did two weeks at Benidorm cost in the 60s?
£20
How did mass tourism impact British culture?
Wine more popular (sales double 1960s) Lager replaces British bitter Continental foods appear in shops Cookbooks widely bought eg Elizabeth David's French provincial cooking 1960 Foreign restaurants open
What did ringo arrive in India with?
Two suitcases one filled with clothes the other with cans of baked beans
What did the war do to the aviation industry?
Created lots of experienced pilots
Lots of people had flown
Increased knowledge of weather
Improved maps and knowledge of foreign terrain
Thousands of aircrafts made
Large assortment of surplus aircraft designs
Jet aircraft
When were the jumbo jets developed?
Late 1960s
When was American expresses first credit card?
1958
What was the advantages of the Boeing 747?
Flew further with more passengers in a shorter time and at a cheaper price
What was the attitude to women in the 1960s?
House wives - 75% married Average marriage age 21 80% don't work 1951 Family allowance - don't need to work Mortgages and bank accounts in man names Trade unions don't support women Lives changed from labour saving devices
Why didn’t women with children want to work?
Thought it would damage the children
Why didn’t trade unions support the women?
Thought it would lower wages
When was equal pay for teachers?
1952
Between 1957 and 1959 how many more households had a washing machine and a refrigerator?
54% washing machine
59% refrigerators
How long would washing have taken without a washing machine?
A day
How many immigrants had entered the country by 1958?
210 000 - working men
What were the problems with immigration?
Racism - August 1958 white Nottingham gangs hunted down black people
Notting hill riot of 1958
What shows that not many people supported racism?
Oswald Moseley tried to get elected on anti immigration 1959 - won 8.1% of vote
1994 screaming lord satch won 4.2% of votes and his manifesto included socks being sold in packs of 3 in case lost one
Give an example of a washing machine in the 60s
Hot point liberator
What were the immigrants living conditions like?
Run down
6 or 7 people to a room
Weekly rent 30 shillings
Manual labour even though they were qualified for other jobs
What did pathe news refer to the immigrants as?
Our Jamaican problem
A pathetic sight
How did mass tourism change attitudes to race?
Experienced foreign culture
Benidorm had a British flavour people took their own food
Most migrants fro the commonwealth so holidays to Europe don’t help people understand their culture
How did mass tourism change attitudes to social mobility?
Mixed with other people on a package holiday
More free time
Community feel
What did caravan clubs membership do over the 60s?
Double
Ow did the motor car change attitudes to community?
Less bus and public transport - less mixing - independence and isolation
How did the motor car change attitudes to social mobility?
Mini meant the average worker could afford one
Split in society - car owners and non car owners
When was the mini created?
1959
How much was the mini?
Under £500
When was the Chatterley ban lifted?
1962
What did the political scandals do?
Break down attitudes towards sex
Change people’s attitudes of govt
Establishment could be questioned
Who created the mini?
Alec issigonis - commissioned to design cheap economical Britsh car to rival bubble cars
What did purchasers of esso get in 1963?
A mini tiger tail for for their arial or petrol cap
Who drove a mini?
Lord snowdon
Peter sellers
Twiggy
When was the m1 built?
1959
What was the environmental impact of the roads?
Demolition of historic buildings
Sprawling development
Residential districts sacrifices for straight roads
How many journeys by 1974 were by cars?
77%
What was the first motorway service station?
Watford cap m1 1959
What was 1/5th of all holiday accommodation in 1970?
Caravans
When was the e type jag made?
1961
£2 200
Fastest speed of 150 mph
What was the choice of affluent professionals for a car?
Ford cortina at £639
What loss did British rail face in 1960 and 1962?
1960 - £68 million
1962 - £104 million
What was the effect of the motor car on the rail industry?
Closure of all branch lines
5000 miles of track dismantled
2359 stations closed
160 000 jobs lost
How many people a year are killed in roads in 1965?
8000 people
How much of cinema admissions were the youth?
1/3rd
How much of the youths spending was on entertainment?
1/2
How many bicycles and motorbikes were sold to the youth?
1/3rd
How much of the record market were the youth?
40%
Between 1961 and 1969 how many students were in higher education?
Doubled
Why did the youth have loads of money?
Plenty of job opportunities - low skilled labour in demand
Hourly pay rates growing faster than adults
Live with parents - no fixed financial commitments
Increase in wages
More spare time (appliances)
What was a 1959 science fiction film about an et space ship landing on earth to use it as a farm for its food supply called?
Teenagers from outer space
When was rebel without a cause?
1955
James dean
Shows generational divide
Film huge influence to teens
When was the wild one?
1957
Marlon Brando
What’s a famous quote from the wild ones?
“What are you rebelling against?
What have you got?”
Who did that was the week that was?
Oxbridge graduates
Name 7 new stuff that was available in the sixties
Cars TV Radios & LPs Home cooking appliances Telephones Frozen food Pubs used more
