Social & Cultural Foundations Flashcards
Our culture is more diverse than in the past. Multicultural counselors often work with persons who are culturally different. This means the client:
a) is culturally biased
b) suffers from the diagnosis of cultural relativity
c) belongs to a different culture from the helper
d) presents problems which deal only with culturally charged issues
c) belongs to a different culture from the helper
In the US, each socioeconomic group represents:
a) a separate race
b) a separate culture
c) the silent middle class
d) a separate national culture
b) a separate culture
Which therapist was not instrumental in the early years of the social psychology movement?
a) Freud
b) Durkheim
c) McDougall
d) Berne
d) Berne
Daniel Levinson proposed a theory with several major life transitions. He:
a) is the father of multicultural counseling
b) wrote the 1978 classic Seasons of a Man’s Life and the sequel Seasons of a Woman’s Life in 1997
c) postulated a midlife crisis for men between ages 40-45 and for women approximately five years earlier
d) b and c
d) b and c
The term contextualism implies that:
a) multicultural counseling is the oldest sub-specialty in the profession
b) behavior must be assessed in the context of the culture in which the behavior occurs
c) the notion of worldview is highly inaccurate
d) projective tests are more accurate than objective measures when performing cross-cultural counseling
b) behavior must be assessed in the context of the culture in which the behavior occurs
When a counselor speaks of a probable outcome in a case, he or she is technically referring to:
a) the prognosis
b) the diagnosis
c) the intervention
d) attending behavior
a) the prognosis
Some research suggests that very poor economic conditions correlate very highly with:
a) passivity
b) nonassertive behavior
c) a and b
d) aggression
d) aggression
The frustration-aggression theory is associated with:
a) Albert Ellis
b) Robert Havighurst, who created the idea of the developmental task concept
c) Eric Berne, the creator of transactional analysis (TA)
d) John Dollard and Neal Miller
d) John Dollard and Neal Miller
A statistical norm measures actual conduct, while a cultural norm:
a) describes how people are supposed to act
b) has little to do with expectations
c) is irrelevant when counseling a client
d) all of the above
a) describes how people are supposed to act
Early vocalization in infants:
a) is more complex in African American babies
b) is more complex in Caucasian babies
c) is nearly identical in all cultures around the globe
d) is the finest indicator of elementary school performance
c) is nearly identical in all cultures around the globe
Most individuals believe that people whom they perceive as attractive:
a) are nonassertive
b) are aggressive
c) have other positive traits
d) are socially adept but not very intelligent
c) have other positive traits
A counselor who is seeing a client from a different culture would most likely expect social conformity than he or she would from a client from his or her own culture:
a) less
b) more
c) the same
d) more realistic
a) less
A woman who is being robber:
a) would probably get the most assistance in a crowd with a large number of bystanders
b) find that the number of people who would respond to he distress actually decreases as the number of bystanders increases
c) would rarely have a bystander from a different race try to help her
d) none of the aboce
b) find that the number of people who would respond to he distress actually decreases as the number of bystanders increases
Parents who do not tolerate or use aggression when raising children produce:
a) less aggressive children
b) more aggressive children
c) passive-aggressive children
d) passive-dependent children
a) less aggressive children
When counseling a client from a different culture, a common error is made when negative transference:
a) is interpreted as positive transference
b) is interpreted as therapeutic resistance
c) is interpreted as White privilege
d) none of the above
b) is interpreted as therapeutic resistance
Multicultural counseling often adhere to the emic viewpoint. The word emic:
a) is associated with the Supreme Court decision of 1954 outlawing segregation
b) suggests that all clients are alike regardless of culture
c) is associated with Rational Behavior Therapy (RBT)
d) is a “culture specific” perspective, from the word phonemic meaning sounds in a particular language
d) is a “culture specific” perspective, from the word phonemic meaning sounds in a particular language
An Asian counselor says to an African American client., “If you’re unhappy with the system, get out there and rebel. You can change the system.” This is the _______ viewpoint for coping with the environment:
a) emic viewpoint
b) alloplastic viewpoint
c) etic viewpoint
d) autoplastic viewpoint
b) alloplastic viewpoint
The word personalism in the context of multicultural counseling means:
a) all people must adjust to environmental and geological demands
b) the counselor must adjust to the client’s cultural mores
d) a counselor who personalizes the treatment is most effective
d) biologically speaking, there is no reason why humans must adjust to environmental demands
a) all people must adjust to environmental and geological demands
A client remarks, “Hey, I’m Black and it’s nearly impossible to hide it.” This is illustrative of the fact that:
a) race is not the same as ethnicity
b) African Americans struggle when expressing feelings
c) a connotative impediment exists
d) severe ambivalent transference exists
a) race is not the same as ethnicity
F. H. Allport created the concept of social facilitation. According to this theory, an individual who is given the task of memorizing a list of numbers will:
a) perform better if he or she is alone
b) perform better if he or she is part of a group
c) perform better if he or she has undergone psychotherapy
d) perform better if he or she is an auditory learner
b) perform better if he or she is part of a group
The tendency to affiliate with others:
a) is highest in the middle child
b) is highest in dysthymics
c) is highest in firstborns and only children
d) is based on hormonal output
c) is highest in firstborns and only children
The client who would most likely engage in introspection would be a:
a) 52-year old single African American male school administrator
b) 49-year old Caucasian homeless male
c) 40-year old divorces Caucasian female who is out of work and has three children
d) 19-year old Hispanic mother on welfare with two children
a) 52-year old single African American male school administrator
