Social Control and Deviance

Question 1

social deviance

Answer 1

any transgression of socially established norms

Question 2

crime

Answer 2

the violation of laws enacted by society

Question 3

social cohesion

Answer 3

social bonds; how well people relate and get along

Question 4

mechanical solidarity

Answer 4

social cohesion based on sameness

Question 5

organic solidarity

Answer 5

social cohesion based on difference and interdependence of parts

Question 6

social control

Answer 6

mechanisms that create normative compliance in individuals

Question 7

formal social sanctions

Answer 7

social control via rules or laws

Question 8

informal social sanctions

Answer 8

unspoken rules of social life

Question 9

social integration

Answer 9

how well you are integrated into your social group

Question 10

social regulation

Answer 10

number of rules guiding your daily life

Question 11

egoistic suicide

Answer 11

suicide as a result of poor social integration

Question 12

altruistic suicide

Answer 12

suicide resulting from too much integration

Question 13

anomic suicide

Answer 13

suicide resulting from too little social regulation

Question 14

fatalistic suicide

Answer 14

suicide that results from too much social regulation

Question 15

strain theory

Answer 15

Merton’s theory that deviance occurs when a society does not give all of its members equal ability to achieve socially acceptable goals

Question 16

conformist

Answer 16

individual who accepts both socially acceptable goals and strategies to achieve them

Question 17

ritualist

Answer 17

individual who rejects socially acceptable goals but not the means

Question 18

innovator

Answer 18

individual who accepts socially defined goals but not the means to achieve them

Question 19

retreatist

Answer 19

individual who rejects both socially acceptable goals and means by refusing to participate in society

Question 20

rebel

Answer 20

individual who rejects both socially acceptable goals and means and wants to alter or destroy the institutions associated with them

Question 21

labeling theory

Answer 21

the idea that individuals will over time come to base their identity on the way others label them

Question 22

primary deviance

Answer 22

first act of rule breaking that may incur the label of “deviant” and thus influence how people think of you

Question 23

secondary deviance

Answer 23

subsequent acts of deviance that occur after primary deviance and as a result of your being labeled a deviant and people’s expectations

Question 24

stigma

Answer 24

a negative social label that not only changes other’s behavior toward a person, but that person’s own self-concept and social identity

Question 25

broken windows theory of deviance

Answer 25

a theory that claims social context and cues impact whether a person acts deviantly

Question 26

street crime

Answer 26

crime committed in public; often associated with violence, gangs, and poverty

Question 27

white collar crime

Answer 27

offense committed by a professional against a corporation, agency or other institution

Question 28

corporate crime

Answer 28

white collar crime committed by officiers of a corporation

Question 29

deterrence theory

Answer 29

theory that crime results from a rational calculation of its costs and benefits

Question 30

recidivism

Answer 30

when a person who has been involved with the criminal justice system reverts to criminal behavior

Question 31

Panopticon

Answer 31

Prison designed by Bentham and Foucault’s metaphor for the general functioning of disciplinary techniques in society