Social Change in Russia 1861-1894

Question 1

How many people died in the great famine in 1891-2

Answer 1

300,000

Question 2

How many provinces did the famine hit

Answer 2

17 out of 39

Question 3

Why was the famine really bad

Answer 3

PEasants had lost their grain reserves due to Government reforms

Question 4

What did the government do to change the famine

Answer 4

Appealed for voluntary assistance schemes, Famine relief was set up

Question 5

Industrial social change in Russia in 1855-1894

Answer 5

Limited levels and grain exports are being used to pay for industrialisation

Question 6

Social divisions and hierarchy in Russia in 1855-1894

Answer 6

Society is still very divided
-Nobility
-Peasants

Question 7

Agriculture social change in Russia in 1855-1894

Answer 7

Mainly an agrarian society
Backwards in terms of technology

Question 8

The church in Russia in 1855-1894

Answer 8

Still has significant authority
Excommunication of Tolstoy has significant impact

Question 9

Impact of industrialization

Answer 9

More mobile population
Urbanization
Growing middle class
Poor working conditions
Poor living conditions

Question 10

What and why did it happen? (Growing middle class)

Answer 10

What happened?
- Only half a million of population in middle class
- Revolutionary leaders emerged from growing middle class
Why it happened?
- Government contracts to build infastructure
- Increase demand for professionals

Question 11

What and why did it happen?(Mobile population)

Answer 11

Why?
- high demand for accommodation
- peasants wanted wages and employment
- improvement in transport

Question 12

Poor working conduction

Answer 12

What happened
-Factory workers suffered from low wages, especially during depression in 1900-8

Question 13

What and why did it happen?(Poor living conditions)

Answer 13

What happened
- Many lived in overcrowded barrack-like buildings
- High rents low wages
- Private housing was poor, in St Petersburg, 40% had no running water or sewerage system
Why it happened
- Barracks were a good way of monitoring workers

Question 14

Growth of cities (What and why did it happen?)

Answer 14

What happened
- In 1914, half of population in St Petersburg arrived in the last 20 years
Why it happened
- Workers were attracted to the cities
- Arrival of new large factories and smaller workshops meant cities grew in size