Social Benefits Flashcards
1
Q
What are the criteria for evaluation for social protection systems?
A
adequacy – meet needs
affordability
sustainability – stay financially healthy for long period (for future generations)
robustness – withstand major economic, demographic and political shocks
minimise labour market distortions – high taxes distort
Support economic growth – Example PAYG may not promote economic growth
2
Q
State benefits list
A
- Housing benefits
- Education
- Child grants
- Pensions
- Healthcare
- Food benefits
- Special grant to assest with cost of caring for disabled children
- Grants payable to citizens in emergency (floods, fires, natural disasters)
- Benefits payable to war veterens
- Heating grants for old people
- Grants to cover cost of foster parenting
- Refugee grants
3
Q
State benefit: education
A
- Childcare offered for minimum hours a week to prepare children for education
- Primary and secondary education is free/heavily subsidised
- Private organisation such as relgiious orders, charities or for-profit comapnies can be providers of education at all levels.
- Private providers also receive subsidies from the stae.
- Vocational training may be available free of charge.
4
Q
State benefit: housing
A
- State can provide free or subsidised housing
- Means-tested or contingent on meeting benefit criertia
- Assist unemployed or low-earning with their rent or mortgage
- Some countries want individuals to own their own homes, so buy publicly provided homnes at lower prices.
- Encourage home ownership by allowing access to retirement saving to provide collateroal against hoem loans.
5
Q
State benefit: child grant
A
- Grant provided to assist with expenses of raising children
- Paid on per child basis and means-tested
- Can be large cash payment or tax incentive paid on birth of child
- Could be used as an incenstive to increase birth rate
- Taxes may be depends on family size.
- Could have free or subsidised healthcare, education or paid maternity leave.
6
Q
State benefit: Unemployment benefit
A
- State provides income after person loses employement or during any period of unemployment
- Could relate to persons earnings or flat rate (or combo)
- Could be contingent on individual seeking employment or upskilling
- Public works programmes aim to provide mass employment opportunities
- Unemployment benefits financial by payroll taxes or unemployment taxes paid into seperate fund to fund benefit
