Social attribution theory part 2

Question 1

Define internal attribution

Answer 1

Results of actions are due to your own efforts

Question 2

Define external attribution

Answer 2

The outcome of a situation is out of the results of my actions

Question 3

Define learned helplessness

Answer 3

happens if you learn or conclude that nothing you are able to do can improve your circumstances

Question 4

What can be an outcome of learned helplessness

Answer 4

Depression

Question 5

What is a critique of learned helplessness, and how to reform it

Answer 5

Does not differentiate between situations where people are able to actually change things, and situations where there is absolutely nothing that can be done.
Reform: People attribute helplessness to a cause

Question 6

WHEN will helplessness make people feel chronically depressed?

Answer 6

only when it is attributed to intrinsic features of self

Question 7

What are the five steps of deprssion

Answer 7

1. objective non-contingency
2. percieved non-contingency
3. attribution
4. Expectations of non-contingency
5. Helplessness symptoms

Question 8

Who will show up on the exam?

Answer 8

Mueller and Dweck, a paper online.

Question 9

Define non-contingency

Answer 9

not caused or dependent on anything else

Question 10

Define LHTD

Answer 10

Learned helplessness theory of depression

Question 11

Limitations of LHTD

Answer 11

Factors other than helplessness must also be present

Cannot explain the exaggerated sense of personal responsibility for negative outcomes

Question 12

What has research confirmed that negative thinking leads to

Answer 12

depression

Question 13

Define depressive realism

Answer 13

depressed people are more likely to have a more realistic view of the world

Question 14

What does the James-Lange theory state?

Answer 14

Every emotion was first and foremost distinct patterns of bodily changes

Question 15

What does the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion state?

Answer 15

We react to a stimulus and experience the associated emotion at the same time

Question 16

What did schachter argue about identifying an emotion through physical arousal

Answer 16

Says the physical arousal is ambiguous to different emotions, so we cant conclude a certain emotion given a certain physical arousal. We need cognition to conclusively prove.

Question 17

What is Schachter and Singer’s classic study

Answer 17

To groups, one given adrenaline, one given placebo. Each is told the opposite effects of what the outcome will be. Both groups are then irritated. The amount of agitation was not that different. The hypothesis was that only the misinformed adrenalins would attribute their excitement to an emotion.

Question 18

What was schachters two-factor theory of emotion

Answer 18

Intensity of Psychological arousal and quality of cognitions about the situation both contribute to emotion

Question 19

Define attributional bias

Answer 19

Systematic distortions in the sampling or processing of information about the causes of behaviour

Question 20

Define correspondence bias

Answer 20

Tendency for people to judge or prefer to attribute a person’s actions as a facet the actor’s internal disposition rather than due to affected by situational factors

Question 21

Define false consensus bias

Answer 21

assumption that other people generally share one’s own personal attitudes and opinions

Question 22

What are two causes of variability in correspondence bias

Answer 22

Context and cultural variation

Question 23

Go back and look over the general model typology for the process leading to correspondence bias

Answer 23

gotcha

Question 24

Define self-serving attributional biases

Answer 24

Pride?

Question 25

Naive scientist metaphor

Answer 25

holds that humans think and act with dispassionate rationality whilst engaging in detailed and nuanced thought processes for both complex and routine actions.[2] In this way, humans were thought to think like scientists, albeit naïve ones, measuring and analyzing the world around them.

Question 26

Who was walter mischel

Answer 26

????