Social And Group Influence Flashcards
social categorization
unconscious categorization of people based on common attributes
stereotype
beliefs about social groups based on perceived shared characteristics and do not allow for individual variation
prejudice
negative attitudes towards members of a social group that suggests they deserve inferior status
prejudice
negative attitude towards members of a social group that suggests they deserve the inferior status
discrimination
differential treatment/negative action
social identity theory
- identity = social group membership
- individual worth = social group satus
formation of social identity
- social categorization
- social identity = views oneself as member of a social group
- social comparison
Realistic Conflict Theory
prejudice and discrimination arises when groups are in conflict over limited resources
- eg. Civil Rights Movement
Contact Hypothesis
under certain conditions, direct contact between antagonizing groups can reduce prejudice and discrimination
Conditions of Contact Hypothesis
- Equal Status Contact
- Social norms favouring equality
- Intergroup coordination
- Sustained contact
- Friendship potential
Group Polarization
the tendency for members who are involved in group discussions to take extreme positions or suggest risky behaviours
- exaggeration of member’s initial position
Groupthink
mode of thinking that emphasizes group cohesion over accurate decision
Factors of Groupthink
- high cohesion & similar background
- isolation from outside opinions
- no clear decision-making rules
- threatening situation
- strong, directive leadership
Characteristics of Groupthink
- invulnerability
- rationalization
- lack of introspection
- stereotype
- pressure
- lack of disagreement
- self-deception
- insularity
Social Influence
- process through which the real or implied presence of others can influence one’s feelings, thoughts, and behaviors
