Social and Economic Determinants of Health

Question 1

How does the WHO define health?

Answer 1

Health is state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

(1948)

Question 2

What is global health?

Answer 2

‘…an area for study, research and practice that

places a priority on improving health and

achieving equity in health for all people

worldwide.

Global health emphasises transnational health

issues, determinants and solutions; involves many

disciplines within and beyond the health sciences

and promotes interdisciplinary collaboration, and

is a synthesis of population-level clinical care’

Question 3

What are the 10 sodial determinants of health as outlined by the WHO?

Answer 3

1. The social gradient
2. Stress
3. Early start (education, development)
4. Social exclusion
5. Work (more control = better health)
6. Unemployment
7. Social support
8. Addiction
9. Food (first 1000 days of nutirtion determine life-long health)
10. Transport

Question 4

What are the 4 stages of epidemiological transition?

Answer 4

1. High birth rates, high death rates, low population overall
2. Death rate falls, total pop’n increases, small decline in birth rate
3. Greater drop in birth rate, death rate, increase in population
4. Birth rates and death rates match, population levels out

Question 5

What is the average life expectancy in Australia?

For men? For women?

Answer 5

82

Men: 79

Women: 84