social and cultural factors shaped the characteristics of sport and pastimes in post-industrial Britain between 1850 - 1900 Flashcards
post industrial Britain lead to…
industrialisation lead to a wealthy middle class emerging, consisting of professions such as doctors and factory owners and managers.
social class– middle and upper classes
time and disposable income, took part for enjoyment e.g golf, skiing, cricket
availability of time– working class
had a shorter working week than pre industrial era, Saturday became a half day and workers had a weeks paid holiday
making sports more regular e.g football
improvements to working class
numerous factory acts improved working conditions part of civilising process
factory owners realised benefits of sports on workers lead to work teams e.g West Ham United formed by work force at Thames Iron Works 1895
availability of money–
factory workers had slightly more money than pre industrial era still couldn’t play to the extent of the middle and upper class led to the broken times payments
broken time payments
were made by sports clubs to better players who could not afford to lose wages by playing football or rugby.
led to professionalism
education
1870 education act lead to national state education system working class became more educated=they could get involved in more complex ruled sports
law and order
police force established in London 1829
sports became more controlled with less wagering
gender
upper class women- more opportunities but still limited e.g lawn tennis working class women- still no opportunity
transport
development of railways
meant teams could travel further- standardised rules
ex-public schools
often became factory owners as educated
took their knowledge of sport with them
what is the cult of athleticism
originated in public schools
craze, physical endeavour
