social Flashcards
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
It is an average number of children that would be born to a woman if she experiences the current fertility pattern throughout her reproductive span (15-49 years). It is a more direct measure of the level of fertility than the birth rate since it shows the potential for population change in a country.
Replacement level fertility
It is the level of fertility at which a population exactly replaces itself from one generation to the next.
Mission Parivar Vikas
for substantially increasing the access to contraceptives and family planning services in the high fertility districts
of seven high focus states with TFR of 3 and above.
National Family Planning Indemnity Scheme (NFPIS)
clients are insured in the eventualities of deaths, complications and failures following sterilization and the providers/ accredited institutions are indemnified against litigations in those eventualities.
Habitual Offenders Act of 1952
It recommended suitable steps to be taken for amelioration of the pitiable conditions of the Criminal Tribes rather than stigmatising them as criminals. As a result, the Criminal Tribes Act of 1871 was repealed in 1952 and the Habitual Offenders Act was enacted in its place.
characteristics of PVTGs are:
o Mostly homogenous
o A small population
o Relatively physically isolated
o Primitive Social institutions
o Absence of written language
o Relatively simple technology and a slower rate of change
o Their livelihood depends on food gathering, Non Timber Forest Produce, hunting, livestock rearing, shifting cultivation and artisan works.
NARI
Portal for single-window access to information on women centric schemes/legislations
e-samvaad Portal
It is a platform for NGOs and civil society to interact with
the Ministry of Women and Child Development (MWCD) by providing their feedback, suggestions, put up grievances, share best practices etc. This will help in formulation of effective policies and measures for welfare of women and children.
project Stree Swabhiman.
launched by MEITy. It aims to create a sustainable model for providing adolescent girls and women an
access to affordable sanitary products in rural areas.
Menstrual Hygiene Scheme (MHS)
Being implemented by Health Ministry as part of Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram.
• It provides subsidized sanitary napkins among adolescent girls residing primarily in rural areas
Menstrual Hygiene Management National Guidelines, 2015
Issued by Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation.
• It covers the aspects of providing adolescent girls with menstrual hygiene management choices and menstruation hygiene management infrastructure in schools and the safe disposal of menstrual waste.
Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan
Ministry of Human Resource Development
Territorial Army
It is the second line of defence after the Regular Indian Army; it is not a profession, occupation or a source of employment. It is only meant for those people who are already in mainstay civilian professions; in fact, gainful employment or self-employment in a civil profession.
Teacher Associateship for Research Excellence (TARE) Scheme
It aims to tap the latent potential of faculty working in state universities, colleges and private academic institutions who are well trained but have difficulty in pursuing their research due to reasons like lack of facilities, funding and guidance. The scheme facilitates mobility of such faculty members to carryout research in well-established public funded institution such as IITs, IISc, NITs, CSIR, ICAR, etc. Up to 500 TAs (Teacher Associates) will be supported under this scheme.
Overseas Visiting Doctoral Fellowship (OVDF)
It offers opportunities for up to 100 PhD students admitted in the Indian institutions for gaining exposure and training in overseas universities for period up to 12 months during their doctoral research.
Distinguished Investigator Award (DIA)
It is a one-time career award devised to specifically cater to the younger scientists who have not received any other prestigious awards or fellowships
Augmenting Writing Skills for Articulating Research (AWSAR) scheme
This has been initiated to encourage, empower and endow popular science writing through newspapers, magazines, blogs, social media, etc. by young PhD Scholars.
Vector borne diseases
- Malaria
- Dengue
- Lymphatic Filariasis
- Kala-azar
- Japanese Encephalitis
- Chikungunya
Universal Immunization Programme
Tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), tetanus, poliomyelitis, measles, Hepatitis B, Diarrhoea, Japanese Encephalitis, rubella, Pneumonia (Haemophilus Influenza Type B) and Pneumococcal diseases (Pneumococcal Pneumonia and Meningitis).
MPOWER
(a policy package intended to reduce the demand of Tobacco) initiative of WHO
National Nutrition Mission
It would be executed with the Ministry of Women and Child Development (WCD) as the nodal ministry along with Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation and Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
The mission has a target to reduce stunting, under–nutrition, and low birth weight by 2 per cent per annum, and anaemia by 3 per cent annually.
It aims to focus mainly on children up to the age of 6 years, pregnant and lactating women, and adolescent girls.
o It would also strive to achieve reduction in stunting from 38.4% (NFHS-4) to 25% by 2022 (Mission 25 by
2022).
National Strategic Plan (2017-24)
It aims to strive, along with partners, towards fast track strategy of ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030 and is expected to pave a roadmap for achieving the target of 90:90:90.
Mission SAMPARK
The aim is to trace those who are Left to Follow Up and are to be brought under Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) services. “Community Based Testing” will be taken up for fast-tracking the identification of all who are HIV positive.
Trachoma
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare declared India to be Trachoma free. It is a chronic infective eye disease caused by infection with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis which is transmitted through contact with eye and nose discharge of infected people, particularly young children who are most vulnerable to the infection.
• It is also spread by flies. It is one of the causes of the avoidable blindness and one of the 18 Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD). According to WHO standards – Trachoma is considered eliminated if the prevalence of active infection among children below 10 years is less than 5% while in India its prevalence is only 0.7%.
National Program for Control of Blindness & Visual
Impairment (NPCB)
• It was launched in 1976 as a 100% Centrally
Sponsored Scheme to reduce the prevalence of
blindness from 1.4% to 0.3%.
• It has now been made part of Non Communicable
Diseases under the umbrella of National Health
Mission.
• The current goal of NPCB is to reduce the
prevalence of blindness to 0.3% by the year 2020.
Ganga Gram Project
It has been launched under the Namami Gange Programme for sanitation based integrated development of villages with active participation of the villagers.
• Project envisages solid and liquid waste management, renovation of ponds and water resources, water conservation projects, organic farming, horticulture, and promotion of medicinal plants.
• Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation is the nodal agency for its implementation.
Launched in UK,UP,Bihar, Jharkhand, WB
Ganga Swachhata Manch:
It has also been created for awareness creation, knowledge sharing, learning and advocacy for the Ganga Gram Project.
Namami Gange Program
Aims to make more than 1600 panchayats on the banks
of Ganga open defecation free.
• Focus is on ‘aviral dhara’ (uninterrupted flow) and ‘nirmal dhara’ (clean flow) of Ganga.
Utkrisht Impact Bond
United States Agency for International Development (USAID) has launched a Rajasthan Development Impact Bond (Utkrisht Impact Bond) at the Global Entrepreneurship Summit in Hyderabad.
It has been launched to reduce maternal and neonatal deaths in Rajasthan by improving the quality of services at private healthcare facilities and adhere to the government’s quality standards.
• It is a world’s first Development Impact Bond (DIB) in
healthcare and has been developed in a public-private
partnership and will provide financial assistance to 440
small healthcare organizations.
Development Impact Bond (DIB)
They are outcome based bond, under which donor pay back private investors investment with interest, if the service providers achieve pre-determined targets.
Neonatal mortality
deaths in the first 28 days of life.
Infant Mortality Rate
refers to the deaths of infants under age of one year per 1,000 live births (34 per 1,000 live births in 2016).
Child mortality
refers to death of children below 5 years per 1000 live births (50 per 1000 live births in 2015-16).
Maternal mortality Rate
refers to a number of women who die as a result of pregnancy and childbirth complications per 100,000 live births in a given year (174 per 100, 000 live births in 2015)
National Testing Agency (NTA)
It is created as a Society registered under the Indian Societies Registration Act, 1860, and as an autonomous and self-sustained premier testing organization to conduct entrance examinations for higher educational institutions.
It would be an independent body dedicated on the lines of the Educational Testing Service (ETS) in The United States.
It will conduct entrance tests entrusted to it by any department or ministry.
It will be chaired by an eminent educationist appointed by Ministry of Human Resource Development.
The CEO will be the Director General to be appointed by the Government.
There will be a Board of Governors comprising members from user institutions.
The Director General will be assisted by 9 verticals headed by academicians/ experts.
Pradhan Mantri Mahila Shakti Kendra.
To provide an interface for rural women to approach the government for availing their entitlements and for empowering them through training and capacity building.
ICDS
It is a flagship government scheme which aims to improve the nutrition and health status of children in age group of 0-6 years and lays foundation of psychological, physical and social development of the child.
It was launched to reduce the incidence of mortality, morbidity, malnutrition and school dropout among children.
It also aims to enhance the capability of mothers to take care of the health and nutritional needs of the children.
In 2016-17, government had rationalised some schemes
such as Anganwadi Services, Scheme for Adolescent
Girls, Child Protection Services and National Crèche
Scheme and brought under Umbrella ICDS as its sub-
schemes.
Anganwadi Services –
It is for holistic development of children under the age of 6 year and pregnant and lactating women.
Scheme for Adolescent Girls –
It aims to facilitate, educate and make them self-reliant through improved nutrition and health status.
Child Protection Services –
It aims to provide a safe and secure environment for children in conflict with law and children in need of care
and protection and reduce vulnerabilities.
National Crèche Services –
It aims to provide a safe place for children of working mothers while they are at work. Thus empowering
them to take up employment
