Social 4

Question 1

Cold War

Answer 1

• Period of geopolitical tension (1947–1991) between the U.S. (and its allies) and the Soviet Union (and its allies).
• Marked by ideological, political, and military rivalry without direct warfare, but with proxy wars, nuclear arms race, and space race.
• Led to the division of the world into two blocs: Western capitalist democracies and Eastern communist states.

Question 2

Communnism

Answer 2

• Political and economic ideology advocating for a classless society where the means of production are owned collectively.
• Prominent in the Soviet Union and later in countries like China, Cuba, and North Korea.
• Key ideological opponent of capitalism, fueling much of the Cold War.

Question 3

Captilasm

Answer 3

• Economic system based on private ownership and the free market.
• Prominent in the U.S. and Western nations, contrasting with the collectivist nature of communism.
• Fueled the Cold War rivalry as the U.S. sought to spread democracy and capitalism worldwide.

Question 4

Korean War

Answer 4

• Conflict (1950–1953) between North Korea (with Chinese and Soviet support) and South Korea (with U.S. and UN support).
• Resulted in a stalemate and the division of Korea at the 38th parallel, creating North and South Korea.
• Marked a significant early conflict in the Cold War, with the U.S. aiming to contain communism.

Question 5

Vietnam War

Answer 5

• Conflict (1955–1975) between communist North Vietnam (supported by the Soviet Union and China) and non-communist South Vietnam (supported by the U.S.).
• U.S. involvement was part of the containment of communism in Southeast Asia.
• The war ended with the fall of Saigon, reunification of Vietnam under communist control, and a major blow to U.S. foreign policy.

Question 6

Civil rights movement

Answer 6

• Social and political movement (1950s–1960s) aimed at ending racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans in the U.S.
• Key events included the 1963 March on Washington, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
• Led to significant legal and social changes for racial equality.

Question 7

Segregation

Answer 7

• The enforced separation of races, particularly in the Southern U.S., where African Americans were systematically excluded from public facilities, schools, and voting rights.
• Central issue of the Civil Rights Movement.
• Legally ended through the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Supreme Court’s Brown v. Board of Education decision (1954).