Social 3

Question 1

Progression era

Answer 1

21. Progression era
    * Period (1890s–1920s) of social, political, and economic reform.
    * Focused on addressing problems caused by industrialization, urbanization, and corruption.
    * Key reforms: labor rights, women’s suffrage, trust-busting, and government regulation.

Question 2

Imperialism

Answer 2

• U.S. expansionism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
• Led to acquisition of territories like Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines after the Spanish-American War (1898).
• Fueled debates over America’s role in global politics and the ethics of colonization.

Question 3

World War I

Answer 3

• Global conflict (1914–1918) between the Allies and the Central Powers.
• U.S. entered in 1917, contributing to the defeat of the Central Powers.
• Led to significant changes in global politics, including the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations.

Question 4

Allies (World War I)

Answer 4

• Coalition of nations opposed to the Central Powers, including France, the United Kingdom, Russia, and later the U.S.
• Played a key role in defeating Germany and its allies.
• Post-war agreements reshaped Europe and led to the creation of the League of Nations.

Question 5

central powers

Answer 5

• Alliance during World War I, including Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria.
• Fought against the Allies and were defeated in 1918.
• Their defeat led to the end of the war and the signing of the Treaty of Versailles.

Question 6

Great depression

Answer 6

• Global economic crisis that began in 1929 and lasted through the 1930s.
• Triggered by the stock market crash and severe economic downturn.
• Led to widespread unemployment, poverty, and significant changes in government policies, including the New Deal in the U.S.

Question 7

World War II

Answer 7

• Global conflict (1939–1945) between the Axis and Allies.
  *. The deadliest conflict in history, involving major world powers.
  *. Led to the defeat of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan, and reshaped global politics with the rise of the U.S. and Soviet Union as superpowers.

Question 8

The Axis

Answer 8

• Alliance during World War II, primarily consisting of Germany, Italy, and Japan.
• Opposed the Allies and aimed to expand their territories.
• Defeated in 1945, leading to the end of the war and the fall of fascist regimes in Europe and Asia.

Question 9

The Allies (World War II)

Answer 9

• Coalition of nations opposed to the Axis, including the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, and China.
• Played a crucial role in defeating the Axis powers and ending World War II.
• Post-war, the Allies worked to rebuild Europe and establish international organizations like the United Nations.

Question 10

Holocaust

Answer 10

• The systematic genocide during World War II in which Nazi Germany, led by Adolf Hitler, killed approximately 6 million Jews, along with millions of others (including Roma, disabled people, and political dissidents).
• One of the darkest chapters in human history, it highlighted the dangers of racism, totalitarianism, and unchecked power.
• Led to global efforts to prevent future genocides and the establishment of human rights laws.