SOCI LECTURE 4 Notes

Question 1

What was the biggest problem outlined in Heckert and Heckert’s (2004) theory?

Answer 1

It is extremely hard to come up with one general typology of deviance Deviance varies drastically between time, place, status, and group

Question 2

What are the two main types of perspectives on deviance?

Answer 2

Merton: Normative Perspective
Becker: The Reactive Perspective

Question 3

What is the normative perspective?

Answer 3

Merton argues that deviance is an objective study of people’s violation of social norms. It looks at the deviant individual rather than the deviance act

Question 4

What is the reactivist perspective?

Answer 4

Becker analyzes the subjective reaction of the social audience to establish what becomes the norm.
- this perspective looks at the audience to react and is a stronger perspective because it encompasses the changing nature of deviance

Question 5

What is positive deviance?

Answer 5

Over-conformity to norms can have positive reactions
- mother teresa phen
- altruism, discretion, properness, circumspection, hyperresonsibility, cooperation

Question 6

What are the four main types of norm reactions under the integrated typology of deviance to middle-class norms?

Answer 6

Negative deviance: negative reaction + under conformity
Rate Busting: negative reaction + over conformity
Deviance admiration: positive reaction + under conformity
Positive Deviance: positive reaction + over conformity

Question 7

What is negative deviance?

Answer 7

any type of behaviour that the majority of society thinks is deviant and evokes a negative response
- apostasy, intrusion, alienation, bizarreness, irresponsibility, etc.
- Jeffree Dahmer phen

Question 8

What is Rate busting?

Answer 8

A negative response from over conformity
- Geek phen, extreme patriotism
- Fantacism, seclusion, puritanism, provincialism, priggishness

Question 9

What is Deviance admiration?

Answer 9

Deviance admiration refers to under-conformity (breaking of norms) that is associated with a positive reaction
- John Gotti Phen
- Rebellion, investigation, exhibitions, faddishness, adventuress, independence

Question 10

Valerie and Salem Witch Trial

Answer 10

• Valeria was a political rebel in New Zealand who kept pushing societal norms and as a result, represented the modern-day of what constitutes a Salem Witch.