Soccer Flashcards
What is the difference between serious foul play and violent conduct?
SFP: challenge for ball, DFK offense w/excessive force
VC: no challenge for ball, directed at anyone
What guidelines are used to decide whether a send-off should be issued for serious foul play?
SIAPOA: Speed, Intent, Aggression, Position of legs, Opportunity to play the ball, Atmosphere
Which cautionable offenses can be given to substitute players?
Unsporting behavior (includes entering w/o permission), dissent, delaying restart (action outside of play) **entering field: too close to sideline, keeps ball from leaving field
What are the guidelines for how to handle dissent?
Public (observable/audible to others), personal (frustration vs. personal attack on ref crew), provocative (racial/ethnic, inciting other dissent)
MYSA: public profanity = auto send-off
When is it illegal to play the ball when on the ground?
PIADM: must be dangerous (self or others), opponent nearby, causes opponent to stop challenge or be disadvantaged by not challenging
When should impeding be called?
When player is shielding but not within playing distance of ball (some leniency when escorting ball to GK)
When is charging legal?
Shoulder to shoulder, challenging for ball, not careless reckless or excessive.
When should advantage be used?
When fouled team will benefit from non-call
What are the steps for setting the wall on a free kick?
1) spot ball, do not turn back
2) mark 10 yards, be first in wall
3) move into position, keeping wall in sight
4) blow whistle for kick
What procedure should be used to manage coaches abusing technical area?
Ask (more than once, if not dissenting/interfering)
Tell
Dismiss for irresponsible behavior (especially if public/audible dissent)
What does Law 1 cover?
The field of play - dimensions and definitions
What guidelines should be used to distinguish a defender misplay vs. deflection when calling offsides?
Any “deliberate attempt” to play the ball is considered misplay and resets offside.
Deliberate attempt: did they have time to take action (misplay) or merely react (deflection)
What does Law 2 cover?
The ball - size, restart for defective ball
What age groups play with fewer than 11 players per side?
U9-10: 6 per side
U11-12: 8 per side
All U13 and older play full 11
What does Law 3 cover?
Players and substitutes, when and how a substitution should be made, coach behavior
What is the minimum number of players on a side?
For full-sided teams, must play with at least 7 players. If fewer at designated start time, match is abandoned.
What does Law 4 cover?
Player equipment requirements, illegal equipment procedures
What is the proper procedure when an injury causes a team to have fewer than 7 players?
Suspend the match (injury), if player cannot continue than match is abandoned. Do not declare winner but report score, time of and reason of abandonment.
What does Law 5 cover?
The Referee’s authority and responsibilities
What is the proper procedure if a team has fewer than 7 players due to a player walking off the field and refusing to continue?
Continue play until next stoppage, determine if player will return, abandon match. Do not declare winner but report score, time of and reason of abandonment.
What does Law 6 cover?
The AR’s authority and responsibilities
When is a team allowed to substitute?
Your team’s throw-in
Opponents throw-in (if they are also subbing)
Goal kick
After goal
Prior to start of period of play
Non-traditional stoppages (injury)
NOTE: small sided matches (U12 and below) may substitute at ANY stoppage!
What does Law 7 cover?
Time of the match
What areas of the field need to be inspected before the match?
Any dangers on or around field Goal nets fully fastened Goal frame anchored Back of goal post aligned with end line Field should have proper markings Corner flags must be minimum height Any issues should be noted in game report
What does Law 8 cover?
Starts and restarts
What is a method to estimate if the ball is properly inflated?
While holding the ball in both hands, push a panel in with thumbs. If more than one panel indents, under-inflated. If unable to reasonably make indent, over-inflated.
What does Law 9 cover?
Ball in and out of play
How do you restart play after a ball is found to be defective?
Dropped ball where ball became defective, unless PK causes defect, then PK must be retaken
What does Law 10 cover?
Scoring
How should an extra ball on the field during play be dealt with?
If it interferes with play, stop play, dropped ball restart
If not interfering, continue and remove at next opportunity
What does Law 12 cover?
Fouls and Misconduct - direct/indirect fouls, cautions, and send-offs
Who can be shown cards, and when?
Can be shown to players or subs
Can show cards before & during match, halftime, after end of match (on field)
What is the procedure for a substitution?
Subbing player must be at halfway line when ball goes out of play, ARs signal for sub until ref acknowledges, identify player leaving (anywhere on field), sub can only enter once player has left field, must step on field if taking throw in.
What does Law 13 cover?
Free kicks - direct, indirect
When does a team play short for a red card?
When card is shown during play to a player (not sub)
When card is shown during halftime to player who was on field at end of half
What does Law 14 cover?
Penalty kicks
When does a team not play short after receiving a red card?
When shown to sub
When given before or after game
What does Law 15 cover?
Throw-ins
What happens if a team scores a goal with too many players on the field?
Goal is disallowed, restart with goal kick, caution extra player
Unless kickoff has happened, then goal stands
What does Law 16 cover?
Goal kicks
What are guidelines for determining if handling should be called?
Look for:
The arm/hand taking away a passing lane;
If the arm is in an unnatural position when being struck.
Be sure to consider the age/skill of the players!
What are guidelines for determining if handling should be called?
Look for:
The arm/hand taking away a passing/shooting lane (making themselves “bigger”);
If the arm is in an unnatural position when being struck.
Be sure to consider the age/skill of the players!
What is the procedure for a team check-in?
Confirm all players on roster
Check player passes (if used)
Check required equipment (shirt, shorts, shoes, socks, shin guards)
Confirm no illegal equipment (jewelry)
If there is a quick long ball up field and you are caught well behind the play with the possibility of a physical challenge, what is the way to get the best view possible?
Swing out wide of the players to try to get a more lateral angled view of the challenge, rather than following directly from behind.
What happens if a player is wearing illegal equipment?
Wait for stoppage, force player to leave field
If sub is already at half team may sub, otherwise they play short until stoppage and player can be inspected before returning
If a player leaves the field (with permission) to tend to an injury, when may they re-enter the field?
At any time with the referee’s permission (unless they are/were bleeding). If play is stopped because of injury, player may only re-enter field after play has restarted.
What is drop zone positioning for a referee?
When a kicked ball (punt, goal kick) is likely to result in a physical challenge, the ref should find a position that allows him/her to see the space between the players. Estimate drop point by watching players (not the ball)!
When does offside need to be signaled by the AR?
If an offside AND an onside player have an opportunity to play the ball, wait and see. Once offside player engages in play, then signal.
Where should the referee be positioned when the goalkeeper has possession of the ball (likely to punt)?
Drop zone positioning: When a kicked ball (punt, goal kick) is likely to result in a physical challenge, the ref should find a position that allows him/her to see the space between the players. Estimate drop point by watching players (not the ball)!
If a free kick is taken from within your own penalty area, when is the ball in play?
The ball re-enters play only when it leaves the penalty area. If ball does not re-enter play, kick must be retaken.
If an AR signals for violent conduct and the signal is not seen immediately, where is the restart after play is finally stopped?
If play is stopped for disciplinary action to be taken, restart according to foul (free kick or PK)
If play has already restarted, disciplinary action is taken but no free kick or PK, must restart with dropped ball.
What is the main function of the referee during the match?
To determine when the ball is out of play and the ensuing restart.
When is a kickoff used?
To start a period of play or to restart after a goal
What are the two main goals of managing mass confrontation?
Catch as much misconduct as possible (ref/AR form triangle)
Don’t get hurt or caught up in it
When is the ball considered to have crossed the touch or goal line to be out of play?
When the entirety of the ball has crossed the touch or goal line.
When should play be stopped for an injury?
If there is a head injury, play should be stopped immediately
If not a head injury, play should be stopped if it does not interfere with an imminent attack, provided the injured player is not in any danger.
What are guidelines for determining if handling should be called?
Handling should be called if: the arm/hand takes away a passing lane; if the arm is in an unnatural position when being struck.
Be sure to consider the age of the players!
After stopping play to assess misconduct, what are the priorities of the referee?
Observe and prevent further misconduct (keep player(s) in field of view)
Manage injured players
Issue misconduct
What does it mean for an offside player to engage in play?
1) touch the ball
2) obstruct/interfere with an opponent
3) make gesture/motion designed to distract or deceive
Are there restrictions as to where players can stand on a kickoff?
Each team must be on their own half, defenders outside of center circle
What infractions can occur during a kickoff, and how are they dealt with?
Ball not put into play - retake kickoff
Encroachment (either team) - retake kickoff
Double touch - IFK to defending team
What actions may the referee when a team is deliberately wasting time?
Ref should be proactive (vocal) and anticipate this situation
Extra time may be added
Player may be cautioned (delaying restart)
What is a tactical foul, and how should it be penalized?
Not reckless or excessive, but “cynical” - strategic foul to prevent quick attack/counter-attack (especially if outnumbered or defender gets beaten), commonly near touch lines, midfield, or just outside penalty area. Player should be cautioned for unsporting behavior.
What are the reasons to add time to a half?
1) Substitutions (especially if delay tactic)
2) Injury assessment
3) Removal of injured players
4) Time wasting (preventing ball from returning to play, also cautionable)
5) Outside interference
What is the main function of the referee during the match?
To determine when the ball is out of play and the ensuing restart.
When is a kick off used?
To start a period of play or to restart after a goal
Where is the ball placed for a kickoff?
On the center mark
Who is permitted to take a kickoff?
Any attacking player
When does the ball re-enter play during a kickoff?
After ball is kicked AND moves forward
Can a goal be scored directly from a kickoff against an opponent?
Yes
What are guidelines for the AR being in the best position possible?
In line with 2nd-to-last defender or ball, whichever is closer to goal line
Can a goal be scored directly from a kickoff against the kicking team?
No (ball must move forward), kick retaken
Who controls the start of the kickoff?
Referee, must blow whistle
When is a goal kick used?
Ball completely crosses goal line after last touch by attacker (not a goal); awarded to defending team
Where is the ball placed for a goal kick?
Anywhere within the goal area
Who is permitted to take the goal kick?
Any attacking player
When does the ball re-enter play from a goal kick?
After leaving the penalty area - if fails, retake kick
Can a goal be scored directly from a goal kick against the opposing team?
Yes (extremely rare)
Can a goal be scored directly from a goal kick against the kicking team?
No - if ball does not enter play, retake kick. If ball enters play but is blown back into goal, corner kick to opposing team.
Who controls the restart of the goal kick?
Player taking goal kick
UNLESS substitution occurs, injury management, or card for misconduct being shown - whistle is required to restart
Does the double-touch rule apply to a goal kick?
Yes, ball MUST re-enter play to apply
Are there restrictions as to where players may stand during a goal kick?
Kicking team can stand anywhere, opposing team must be outside of penalty area.
If kick is taken quickly with opponents still in penalty area, no issue unless opposing player attempts to interfere with ball entering play
What infractions can occur during a goal kick, and how are they dealt with?
Ball not being placed properly - kick retaken
Ball being touched before leaving penalty area - kick retaken
Ball goes directly into own goal AFTER re-entering play - corner kick
What signals are used by the referee/AR to indicate a goal kick?
AR: Run to corner flag (see ball cross goal line), STOP, face field, raise flag in right hand straight out towards goal area
Ref: Point (palm up) at goal area from anywhere on field
Can a player receive the ball directly from a goal kick and be called offside?
No
Does the double-touch rule apply to a throw-in?
Yes - IFK to opposing team
Are there restrictions as to where players may stand for a throw-in?
Defending team must yield 2 yards from thrower (cautionable for failure to respect proper distance)
What infractions can occur on a throw-in, and how are they dealt with?
Technique error (wrong location, one-handed, crosses touch with foot while throwing) - throw-in to opposing team Ball hits ground before entering play - retake throw-in
Who is permitted to take a corner kick?
Any attacking player
Can a player receive the ball directly from a throw-in and be called offside?
No!
When is a goal kick used?
Ball completely crosses goal line after last touch by defender (not a goal)
Where is the ball placed for a goal kick?
Anywhere within the goal area
Who is permitted to take the goal kick?
Any attacking player
When does the ball re-enter play from a goal kick?
After leaving the penalty area - if fails, retake kick
Can a goal be scored directly from a goal kick against the opposing team?
Yes (extremely rare)
What signals are used by the referee/AR to indicate a corner kick?
AR: Run to goal line, STOP, face field, point to base of corner flag
Ref: Point corner arc with arm raised at 45 (similar to throw-in)
Who controls the restart of the goal kick?
Player taking goal kick
UNLESS substitution occurs, injury management, or card for misconduct being shown - whistle is required to restart
Does the double-touch rule apply to a goal kick?
Yes, ball MUST re-enter play to apply
Are there restrictions as to where players may stand during a goal kick?
Kicking team can stand anywhere, opposing team must be outside of penalty area.
If kick is taken quickly with opponents still in penalty area, no issue unless opposing player attempts to interfere with ball entering play
What infractions can occur during a goal kick, and how are they dealt with?
Ball not being placed properly - kick retaken
Ball being touched before leaving penalty area - kick retaken
Ball goes directly into own goal AFTER re-entering play - corner kick
What signals are used by the referee/AR to indicate a goal kick?
AR: Run to corner flag (see ball cross goal line), STOP, face field, raise flag in right hand straight out towards goal area
Ref: Point (palm up) at goal area from anywhere on field
Can a player receive the ball directly from a goal kick and be called offside?
No
During which restarts are players allowed to receive the ball directly and NOT be called offside?
Boundary line restarts (except kickoff): Goal kick, corner kick, throw-in
When is a corner kick used?
Ball completely crosses goal line after last touch by defender (not a goal); awarded to attacking team
Where is the ball placed for a corner kick?
Anywhere within corner arc (line is a part of the arc)
Who is permitted to take the corner kick?
Any attacking player
When does the ball re-enter play from a corner kick?
Once the ball is kicked and moves
Can a goal be scored directly from a corner kick against the opposing team?
Yes
Can a goal be scored directly from a corner kick against the kicking team?
No
Does the double-touch rule apply to a corner kick?
Yes
Where is the ball placed for a DFK?
At the spot of the foul (where the victim of foul was), ball must be stationary
If committed by attacking team in goal area, kick may be taken anywhere within goal area
Who is permitted to take a free kick (direct or indirect)?
Any attacking player
When does the ball re-enter play from a free kick (direct or indirect)?
When ball is kicked (not stepped on) and moves
UNLESS kick is taken within defending penalty area, then ball must leave penalty area to be in play
Can a player receive the ball directly from a corner kick and be called offside?
No, but can be offside once ball is in play!
Can a goal be scored directly from a free kick (direct or indirect) against the kicking team?
No - if outside PA, corner kick; if inside PA, retake kick.
Who controls the restart of a free kick (direct or indirect)?
Player taking kick (assuming they take it properly)
UNLESS injury or card is assessed or attacking team requests enforcement of 10 yards
OR ref may declare free kick a ceremonial restart for game management
Does the double-touch rule apply to a free kick (direct or indirect?
Yes!
Are there restrictions as to where players may stand during a DFK?
Defenders must yield 10 yards from ball
What infractions can occur during a free kick (direct or indirect), and how are they dealt with?
Failing to halt ball or wrong location - retake kick
Kick taken before whistle - retake kick
Not quick restart, defender encroachment - warn defender, ceremonial kick, set 10 yards
Deliberate/cynical encroachment (quick restart) - caution defender, retake kick
Quick restart, defender encroachment - warn defender, play on
IFK only - stepping on the ball does not put the ball in play! If ball enters goal without re-entering play, goal kick is given to defending team
What signals are used by the referee/AR to indicate a DFK?
Ref: Blow whistle, arm at 90 degrees in direction of kick, move to spot of foul
AR: If signaling foul - STOP, raise flag and waggle, after whistle point at 45 in direction of kick
Can a player receive the ball directly from a free kick (direct or indirect) and be called offside?
Yes!
Does the double-touch rule apply to a dropped ball?
No
Are there restrictions as to where players may stand during a dropped ball?
No
What infractions can occur during a dropped ball, and how are they dealt with?
Player touching ball before it hits the ground (ball not in play) - must be re-dropped
Ref may need to encourage fair play restart for dropped ball (especially in penalty area)
What signals are used by the referee/AR to indicate a dropped ball?
Ref holds ball at waist, whistle to indicate ball will be dropped
Can a player receive the ball directly from a dropped ball and be called offside?
No, but after first touch normal offside rules are in effect
When is a direct free kick used?
When a player commits one of the free kick offenses against an opponent, on the field, while the ball is in play, and not in the penalty area
When is a DFK used?
Used when a player commits a DFK offense outside of the penalty area
Where is the ball placed for a DFK?
At the spot of the foul (where the victim of foul was)
If committed by attacking team in goal area, kick may be taken anywhere within goal area
Ball cannot be moving!
Who is permitted to take a DFK?
Any attacking player
When does the ball re-enter play from a DFK?
When ball is kicked and moves
UNLESS kick is taken within defending penalty area, then ball must leave penalty area to be in play
Can a goal be scored directly from a DFK against the opposing team?
Yes!
Can a goal be scored directly from a DFK against the kicking team?
No - if outside PA, corner kick; if inside PA, retake kick.
Who controls the restart of the DFK?
Player taking kick (assuming they take it properly)
UNLESS injury or card is assessed or attacking team requests enforcement of 10 yards
OR ref may declare DFK a ceremonial restart for game management
Does the double-touch rule apply to a DFK?
Yes!
Are there restrictions as to where players may stand during a DFK?
Defenders must yield 10 yards from ball
What infractions can occur during a DFK, and how are they dealt with?
Failing to halt ball or wrong location - retake kick
Kick taken before whistle - retake kick
Not quick restart, defender encroachment - warn defender, ceremonial kick, set 10 yards
Deliberate/cynical encroachment (quick restart) - caution defender, retake kick
Quick restart, defender encroachment - warn defender, play on
What signals are used by the referee/AR to indicate a DFK?
Ref: Blow whistle, arm at 90 degrees in direction of kick, move to spot of foul
AR: If signaling foul - STOP, raise flag and waggle, after whistle point at 45 in direction of kick
When is an IFK used?
Used when a player commits IFK offense, double touch, or offside
Where is the ball placed for an IFK?
At spot of the foul (where the victim of foul was), ball must be stationary
UNLESS committed by attacker in goal area - ball may be placed anywhere in goal area
OR committed by defender in goal area - ball is moved to top of goal area, parallel to spot of foul
Can a goal be scored directly from an IFK against the opposing team?
No!
Are there restrictions as to where players may stand during an IFK?
Defenders must yield 10 yards from ball
UNLESS IFK is less than 10 yard from the goal - defenders may stand within 10 yards, but only on goal line
What signals are used by the referee/AR to indicate an IFK
Ref: Blow whistle, arm at 90 degrees in direction of kick, move to spot of foul, raise arm straight up, drop arm (cer: set 10 yards) and move to restart position, then raise arm again (cer: blow whistle), hold arm up until 2nd touch
AR: If signaling foul - STOP, raise flag and waggle, after whistle point at 45 in direction of kick
Can a player receive the ball directly from a free kick (direct or indirect) and be called offside?
Yes!
What are the main duties of the ARs during the match?
Call offside, signal ball out of play (when on their side of field), assist referee
When should an AR drop their missed offside flag?
1) GK takes possession
2) Ball is cleared out of that half of the field
When should an AR signal for a foul?
If foul occurs such that: 1) not seen by referee, or 2) involves misconduct that must be punished, or 3) when the referee misses the call but the foul is game-critical
General guideline - foul, look, signal
