Soc Sci S1 All Vocab Flashcards
A relatively new scientific approach to studying the natural world
Earth System Science (ESS) ; pg. 5
the 4 classifications of the ESS system
Subsystems ; pg. 6
the subsystem that includes earth and rock
Geosphere ; pg. 6
the subsystem that includes water and ice
Hydrosphere ; pg. 6
the subsystem that includes living organisms
Biosphere ; pg. 6
External forces that alter the balance of the subsystems
Forcings ; pg. 6
phenomenon where climate change causes a reaction that amplifies the initial direction of climate change
Positive Feedbacks ; pg. 6
phenomenon where climate change causes a reaction that goes against the initial direction of climate change
Negative Feedbacks ; pg. 6
the scope of the investigation; can be large or small, either geographically or chronologically
Scales ; pg. 6
Another word for geosphere and incorporates the greek words for rock or stone
Lithosphere ; pg. 6
a measure of time based on the record of rocks in which change is sometimes measured at the pace of millions or billions of years
Geological Time Scale ; pg. 7
The subsystem for ice
Cryosphere ; pg. 7
The concentration of certain gases (one is carbon dioxide) released from the Earth’s other subsystems traps heat in the lower layers of the atmosphere
Greenhouse gas Effect ; pg. 7
Pattern of Earth’s movement in relation to the Sun that influence the Sun’s impact on climate change overtime
Milankovitch cycles ; pg. 7
Point of no return when changes in a climate system become irreversible
Tipping point ; pg. 9
A physical repository of documents
Archive ; pg. 10
Natural features that show evidence of being impacted by specific climate conditions
Proxy ; pg. 10
Water is released from clouds
Precipitation ; pg. 12
Consists of a group of scholars who share common practices for studying the type of evidence they analyze
Scholarly field ; pg. 14
field that reconstructs past climates utilizing methods for studying sources in nature, like ice core samples
Historical climatology ; pg. 14
Another thing for historical climatology
Paleoclimatology ; pg. 14
academic field that uses methods of historians and studies sources produced by human to reconstruct past climate conditions
Climate history ; pg. 14
New interdisciplinary field that focuses on the history of the relationship between climate and human societies
History of climate and society (HCS) ; pg. 14
Matter left behind by formerly living organisms that can be burned to create energy that releases carbon
Fossil Fuels ; pg . 16
Method of telling historical narratives in which climate drives social and environmental changes overtime
Climate Determinism ; pg. 19
Something that causes something else to occur
Causal mechanisms ; pg. 19
A new geological era in which humans have become the driving force in planetary change ; the era in which we live today
Anthropocene ; pg. 5
Scholars and the public use this term to describe a complex process of changes in the natural world
climate change ; pg. 5
Refers to the design of greenhouses that capture heat from the Sun and are commonly used for agriculture
greenhouse gases ; pg. 8
Reactions to climate change caused by forcings
feedbacks ; pg. 8
The places that holds sources that were produced by humans and includes info about the climate
archives of society ; pg. 10
The place that holds sources from nature
archives of nature ; pg. 10
A technique that involves the drilling of long cylinders of ice out of deep glaciers
Ice core sampline ; pg. 10
The practoce of gathering information from trees
Dendrochronology ; pg. 11
A study of climate that relies primarily on the archives of nature
Climatology ; pg. 14
A subsystem that includes the layers of gases encircling Earth
Atmosphere ; pg. 5
