Soc exam 1

Question 1

sociology

Answer 1

the study of the development, structure, and functioning of human society

Question 2

importance of sociology

Answer 2

Sociology teaches us that society and individuals have a relationship

Question 3

C. Wright Mills concept

Answer 3

A few people in the world hold all the power and control decisions for Americans

Question 4

Sociological Imagination

Answer 4

understanding the relationship between self and society

Question 5

Public vs private

Answer 5

Public troubles are a trouble for society as a whole and out of your control

Private troubles are troubles that affect yourself within your control

Question 6

example of sociological information

Answer 6

asking why someone is homeless

Question 7

social structure

Answer 7

the arrangement of institutions where human beings in a society interact and live together

Question 8

social institutions

Answer 8

patterns of beliefs, behaviors and relationships that organize social life

Question 9

Norms and values

Answer 9

Norms: behavior and attitudes which are considered normal
values: are those things that people consider important to them

Question 10

socialization

Answer 10

learning to behave in a way that is acceptable to society

Question 11

culture

Answer 11

shared beliefs, values, and practices that people must learn to be a part of

Question 12

components of culture

Answer 12

traits, work ethic, religion, food, memories, family structures, habits

Question 13

functionalism

Answer 13

all aspects of a society serve a function and are necessary for the survival of that society

Question 14

conflict theory

Answer 14

the struggle for agency or power in society

Question 15

symbolic interactionalism

Answer 15

people in society understand their social worlds through communication

Question 16

subcultures

Answer 16

A subculture is a group of people who share a set of secondary values, such as environmentalists

Question 17

sociocentric

Answer 17

get ideas and beliefs from society as a whole

Question 18

egocentric

Answer 18

ideas and beliefs are individual

Question 19

ethnocentrism

Answer 19

the attitude that one’s own group, ethnicity, or nationality is superior to others

Question 20

cultural relativism

Answer 20

not judging a culture to your own standards of what is right or wrong, strange or normal (understanding cultural practices)

Question 21

ideology

Answer 21

A system of ideas, beliefs, ideals, and principles that reflect and shape our beliefs and behaviors of the social world

Question 22

Media

Answer 22

any formats, platforms, or vehicles that carry, present, or communicate information

Question 23

Why is media important

Answer 23

Communication can structure society

Spreads cultural knowledge

Cultural preferences can be used to consume media

Impact how we relate socially, economically, and politically

Question 24

Hegemony

Answer 24

a historical process in which a group wins approval for their action by consent rather than coercion

Question 25

how media effects sterotypes

Answer 25

Creation of stereotypes: pictures in our heads

Question 26

how media effects subculture

Answer 26

develop a collective identity resistant against the mainstream society

Question 27

how media effects manufacturing consent

Answer 27

the creation of propaganda and spreading propaganda

Question 28

political economy of media

Answer 28

politics and economy are entirely entwined

Question 29

Social Status

Answer 29

a position in society that comes with a set of expectations

Question 30

master status

Answer 30

is a status that overrides all others and affects other statuses

Question 31

ascribed vs achieved

Answer 31

ascribed: is one we are born with that is unlikely to change achieved: is one we have earned through individual effort or that is imposed by others

Question 32

primary stages of socialization

Answer 32

Caregivers Peers Teachers coaches

Question 33

secondary stages of socialization

Answer 33

College experience Traveling Workplace

Question 34

group stages of organization

Answer 34

Peer groups subcultures

Question 35

organizational stages of socialization

Answer 35

Workplaces schools

Question 36

forced stages of socialization

Answer 36

Prisons Military Total institutions

Question 37

deviance

Answer 37

For some it is a collection of actions, behaviors, conditions, or people that society disvalues, finds offensive, or violates social norms For others it is how or why do people classify acts or individuals as lacking value

Question 38

social construction of deviance

Answer 38

religion/church Medicine Criminal justice School Tasked with: Defining (setting boundaries) Explaining Responding (the agents)

Question 39

informal vs formal social control

Answer 39

Informal agents of social control: peers, family, friends, media Formal agents of control: police, regulatory agents, teachers/professors

Question 40

strain theory

Answer 40

Argues that deviance occurs when a society fails to give all its members equal ability to achieve socially acceptable goals

Question 41

labeling theory

Answer 41

Society creates deviance Offenders are not born, they’re made We define acts as deviant Reaction to act is what creates deviance or not