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Sociology 101 > Soc 101 Midterm > Flashcards

Soc 101 Midterm Flashcards

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1
Q

What is overt curriculum?

A

Known as the written curriculum (what is told to you) and basically encompasses all school subjects
For example: Math, Science, English etc.

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2
Q

What is covert curriculum?

A

Known as the hidden curriculum (what is implied). This is when there is an implied message in the class in which they teach students to accept certain social norms and rules. (students must not defy/disrupt these ideas, therefore, this creates passive citizens and does not promote creativity).

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3
Q

What is Meritocracy?

A

the idea that society and mobility should be based on individual talents/attributes.

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4
Q

What is democracy?

A

a form of government that is ruled by the people

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5
Q

Who focused on the conflict theory/perspective?

A

Karl Marx

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6
Q

What is the conflict theory/perspective?

A

Karl Marx viewed deficiencies in society’s functionalism and made the conclusion that the structure of society is the source of inequality where some benefit much more than others. He claims that society is in “conflict” because we compete for limited resources.

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7
Q

What are some examples of inequality in education?

A

School income comes from property taxes (in the neighborhood). So, if a neighborhood is disadvantaged, the school will also suffer.
EX: schools in districts with low incomes vs schools in districts with high incomes
EX: schools with a better neighborhood has enough resources to provide students with better teachers, education (higher chances of college) VS schools in an underfunded neighborhood does not have enough resources for the children, meaning chances of college of slim (continuous cycle)

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8
Q

What is Learning VS Schooling?

A

Schooling: Students are expected to memorize, they are heavily tested and if they don’t do well in these areas, they are “incapable.” Emphasis on: participation, socialization (regardless of learning styles)
Learning: Students are expected to learn useful material, form their own opinions and become critical thinkers. Emphasis on: creativity, collaboration (apart of their learning style)

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9
Q

What is the Banking Method of Education?

A

A term used by Freire to describe and critique our current education system.
EX: Teacher knows everything, students know nothing
EX: Teacher chooses, students comply
Comes from the metaphor “Students are containers, teachers must put knowledge in them”

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10
Q

What is the Problem Posing Method?

A

a method of teaching that emphasizes critical thinking (entitled to an opinion and engaging in dialogue) in order to receive liberation.
* alternative to Banking Method *

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11
Q

What is False Generosity?

A

instead of fighting to destroy issues, one is simply giving “charity” without question.
(doing something in exchange of something else)

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12
Q

What is the importance of Dialogue? (pedagogy of the oppressed)

A

Dialogue is greatly valued in pedagogy of the oppressed, it is one of the requirements to change the world. In Freire’s perspective, dialogue symbolize the practice of freedom.

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13
Q

What are some characteristics of the oppressors? (according to pedagogy of the oppressed)

A
  • Holds power over oppressed
  • actively prevents them from having freedom
  • rely on unequal social system to have power
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14
Q

What are some characteristics of the oppressed?

A
  • group of people being exploited, intimidated and “dehumanized”
  • sometimes deny
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15
Q

What are the promises of education?

A

equal opportunity, no child left behind

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16
Q

What are the realities of education?

A

not an equal system, banking method, schools are set up as factories for socialization

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17
Q

What was Bowles and Gintes argument/claim?

A

stated that schools were designed for socialization therefore created passive citizens, non creative and it blocked critical thinking.

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18
Q

What is the purpose of pedagogy of the oppressed

A

Enable the oppressed to recognize their oppression and commit to their freedom

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19
Q

What is sociobiology?

A

the idea that our society is dictated and determined by biological makeup
ex: I behave the way I do because of genes

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20
Q

What is human agency?

A

the capacity of individuals to make their own decisions and act independently

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21
Q

What is genetic determinism?

A

idea that genetics determines one actions and self

22
Q

Describe “essence”

A

core trait tat cannot change across time, space or culture

23
Q

What is the manifest function?

A

Those recognized and intended consequences that people observe or expect in a social institution (obvious, evident etc) (beneficial)
ex: being in school and learning new things

24
Q

What is the latent function?

A

(similar to manifest) however, it is unintentional and unrecognized (beneficial)
ex: going to a bar with friends and meeting new people

25
Q

What is structural functionalism?

A

theory that attempts to explain why society functions the way it does by focusing on the relationships between the various social institutions that make up society (e.g., government, law, education, religion, etc)

26
Q

What is the role of functionalists in education?

A

Usually, functionalists view education as one of the most important social institutions that contain two types of functions (manifest and latent).

27
Q

What is resocialization?

A

the process of learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors

28
Q

What is total institutions?

A

a closed social system in which life is organized by strict norms, rules, and schedules, and what happens within it is determined by a single authority whose will is carried out by staff who enforce the rules.
ex: prisons, military compounds, private boarding schools, and locked mental health facilities.

29
Q

What is sex vs gender?

A

Sex: biological traits that make us either male or female
Gender: feelings, attitudes, & behaviors associated with male/female but includes the LGBTQ community

30
Q

What is prejudice?

A

a prejudgment directed toward members of certain social groups
ex: racism, sexism etc

31
Q

What is discrimination?

A

acting out on prejudice

ex: unfair treatment of people based on some social characteristic such as race, ethnicity, or sex

32
Q

What is sexism?

A

unequal power relationship between men and women that is created, supported, and reproduced and reflected in every single major institute in our society. (women cannot be sexist because they do not hold any power in any major institution)

33
Q

What is objectification?

A

practice of treating people as objects (women social value continues to be based primarily on their looks)
ex: women in ads (ted talk video)

34
Q

What is institutional sexism?

A

the discrimination against one gender (usually women) by means of actual rules, such as a rule stating that a man can only fill a particular job
ex: creating barriers for women

35
Q

What is male privilege?

A

lecture: men are free to roam in many different environments, women cant
ex: women cant walk around at night alone without being afraid
Online: a concept within sociology for examining social, economic, and political advantages or rights that are available to men solely on the basis of their sex

36
Q

taxes spent on homes make up ___% of school funding

A

50%

37
Q

How are women portrayed in ads?

A

they are portrayed as props and objects

38
Q

T/F all men are sexist

A

False, not all men are sexist but every person who identifies as male benefits from male privilege

39
Q

T/F gender comes from biology

A

false, it comes from socialization

40
Q

T/F social forces at times overrides individual determination

A

true, it influences ones aspirations

ex: online quiz (choosing a major/career based on “personality”)

41
Q

What is binary logic?

A

the idea that there are only 2 valued forms (this or that)

ex: male or female

42
Q

What is the result of binary logic?

A

we have been given the language of binary logic, which is dependent on essentialism.
“biology is destiny”
“you are either _____ or ______”

43
Q

what is hegemony?

A

a historical process where a dominant group by virtue of their moral and intellectual leadership in society secures the voluntary consent of the masses (unconciously)
ex: adopting another name means branding (marriage)

44
Q

What is educere?

A

to lead, pull someone out of ignorance

45
Q

What is passive consumption?

A

an uncritical acceptance of existing social order ( we have all been socialized to accept this

46
Q

Whose ideas should we base our schools on?

A

Apple and Beane

47
Q

What is the sociological imagination?Who was it defined by?

A

defined by CW Mills and it is the practice of being able to “think ourselves away” from the familiar routines of our daily lives in order to look at them with fresh, critical eyes.
(look from a different perspective)

48
Q

What are the 3 sociological perspectives?

A

symbolic interactionism: use of symbols (face- face)
functionalism: relationship between parts of society (how they interact/adapt)
conflict theory: competition for limited resources

49
Q

What is true genorosity?

A

challenging the reason/issue

50
Q

What does Freire mean when he states the oppressed are afraid of freedom?

A
  • the oppressed are afraid of freedom and the oppressors are afraid to lose the “freedom” to oppress
  • a fear which may equally well lead them to desire the role of oppressor or bind them to the role of oppressed
  • being afraid of challenging the norms
51
Q

What is the self fulfilling prophecy?

A

a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true, by the very terms of the prophecy itself, due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.

52
Q

what are Meads social acts?

A 
1: Impulse: immediate, sensual feeling
Humans share with animals
EX: Feeling thirsty 
2: Perception: the search to satisfy your impulse
Humans share with animals
EX: Searching for water 
3: Manipulation (Deliberation): we as individuals have the capacity to decide what we are going to do next
You don't act right away
Humans do not share with animals
EX: Instead of water, you choose coffee
4: Consummation: to complete/to satisfy your impulse
EX: Consuming the coffee

Sociology 101 (3 decks)

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