SOC 100 - Slide 3 Flashcards
Acculturation
teaching and learning of a society’s culture
Nature vs. Nurture
Nature- Biological forces
Nurture- influenced by the environment
Primary Socialization
Family
Secondary Socialization (PMSWT)
Peers
Media
Schools
Workplace
The state
Hybrid families
Children of immigrant parents often successfully socialize in two culture
Peer Groups
Form foundation for creating subcultures and experimenting with new behaviours
strongest influence during adolescence
strong source of companionship and social support
School (2ndery School)
Both formal and informal learning
Aims to reinforce various norms
1. Independence
2.Achievement
3.Universalism
4.Specificity
Hidden Curriculum
Unwritten rule, expectations and practices
- ensures student conformity in thought and behaviour
Media
Print (newspapers, magazine) film, radio
Tremendously powerful
- huge audience
Good
* Educational
*Informative
Bad
* contains violence, gratuitous sex, prototypes
Classical Conditioning Theory/ Ivan Pavlov
Dog training
Alfred Bandura - Social Learning Theory
what’s the bobo doll experiment
we learn through observation
Theories of Socialization. LPPKFCFS
Learning Theory
Psychoanalytic Theory
Piaget’s Theory of Intellectual Development
Kohl Theory of Moral Development
Functionalist Theory
Conflict Theory
Feminist Theory and Gender Role Socialization
Symbolic Interactionism Theory
Copley’s Looking Glass Self
Learning Theory / Classical Conditioning Theory/ Ivan Pavlov
Application of principles of animal socialization extended to humans
Ivan Pavlov- Dog training
Alfred Bandura - Social Learning Theory
We learn through observation
Bobo Doll experiment
Psychoanalytic Theory - Sigmund Freud
ID: Compulsive, unconscious, pleasure seeking
Superego: internalized societal restraints
EGO: Balances the ID and superego in cognitive conscious thought
Sigmund Freud 5 stages of psychosexual development
- Oral - (0-1 years old)
mouth and lips - Anal - ( 1-3 y/o)
bladder and bowel movement - Phallic - (3-6 y/o)
desire centres upon genitalia
OEDIPUS COMPLEX - Latent - (6-12 y/o) (Hidden)
time of exploration where sexual energy repressed or dormant - Genital - (12+)
heterosexual pleasure instead of self pleasure
Piaget -Theory of intellectual Development (SPCF)
1.Sensorimotor Period
discovering relationships between their bodies and environments
- Pre- Operational Period
- Concrete Operational
Rational thinking - Formal Operational
hypothesis +
Kohlberg - Theory of Moral Development
Pre conventional
1. Avoid Punishment
2. Obtain Rewards
Conventional
- Belong and be accepted
- Obey Rules and Regulations
Post Conventional
1. Make and Keep Promises
2. Live Moral Imperatives
Functionalist Theory
How socialization promotes conformity which creates and preserve social harmony
stable society needs solidarity and cooperation of individuals
Society needs to foster trust among citizen
Conflict Theory
How socialization help powerful and wealth pass on their advantages to the next gen
- Taught to accept status quo
False Consciousness
Acceptance of the status quo through realities of one’s disadvantage, unjust and exploited position
Feminist Theory
social interaction, discourse and gender roles are socially constructed to “control” women
Gender Role:
behavioural expectations related to masculinity and femininity
Symbolic Interactionism
Most important perspective on socialization
*Socialized being is an actor as well as a reactor
*Human infant is asocial at birth
Six Basic Emotions (HSAFDS)
Happiness
Sadness
Anger
Fear
Disgust
Sadness
Charles Cooley - Looking Glass Self
Where people base their sense of self on how they believe others see them
Use the judgement they receive from others to measure their own worth
Three Core components of “the self”
Higgins
- Actual self
described by personal characteristics - Ideal self
linked to how a person wished to be - An “ought to be”
self that reflects moral values
Coder
Believed individuals have multiple selves that are expressed in diff social contexts
STATUSES
Position people hold
Ex. hockey player, worker
ascribed statues
born or imposed nature
ex. race, gender
achieved statues
earned our chosen during love
ex. engineer, student
master statues
statues characteristics that override other statues on how others see an individual
Ex. convicted murder
Roles
Every status has at least one role
*responsibilities that people hold based upon the positions they assume
Reciprocity of Roles
* rights attached to one status are linked with the responsibilities of another
*Patient/ doctor
Erving Goffman - Dramaturgical Perspective
like actors- perform a role based on cultural script in our interactions with others
front stage+ backstage
Identity +Identity Work
Combo of traits/values
makeup/hair
plastic surgery
tattoos
Reappropriating.
reclaiming terms/ which are/were used in a rude way towards a group
using the word “gay” in a good term
Protective Identity Work - Technique of Neutralization
Denial of responsibility
i’m not to blame
Denial of injury
no one got hurt
Denial of victim
they deserved it
Condemning the condensers
Who are u to judge me
Appealing to higher loyalty
i didn’t do it for me
