SMS Flashcards
states that AOC, ATO, AMO and International
General Aviation Operators shall implement a safety management
system acceptable to the authority that as a minimum..
PCAR 1.5
the state in which the risk of harm to persons or
property is reduced
safety
systematic approach to managing safety
Safety Management System
Safety Management Strategies:
- Reactive (Past)
- Proactive (Present)
- Predictive (Future)
Parts of the system
People
Tools
Procedures
Materials
Equipment
Software
To maintain the balance of
production and protection
What could happen if we disregard safety nets?
It can cause accidents that can result to:
- Damage to Equipment or to the Aircraft
- Loss of Profit
- Injury
- Loss of Lives
An outcome, not a process, cannot be “mandated” or “designed”, it evolves.
Safety culture
people are knowledgeable
informed culture
people can adapt organizational processes
flexible culture
people are prepared to report
reporting culture
people have the willingness and competence
learning culture
people are encouraged (even rewarded)
just culture
5 positive cultures`
- Informed
- Flexible
- Learning
- Just
- Reporting
Components of SMS
- Policy (structure)
- Risk Management
- Safety Assurance
- Safety Promotion (Culture)
establishes the structure of the SMS / must define policies, procedures, and organizational structures to accomplish their goals.
Policy
A formal system of hazard identification, analysis and risk management is
Safety Risk Management
The organization must promote safety as a core
value with practices that support a positive safety culture.
Safety Promotion
Establishes management commitment and objectives what management wants / Sets
up framework of organizational structures,
accountabilities, plans, procedures, and controls to meet objectives
SMS Policy
involves judgment, assessing priorities, and making decisions like all management decision making
Safety Management
Managers
should manage safety in the same way
that they manage other areas of the business
Management Responsibility
Accountability
Obligation or willingness to account for
one’s actions
accountable for quality of activities
Responsibility
: power to accomplish required activities
Authority
: clear instructions for members of the organization
Procedures
: supervisory controls on processes to ensure activities produce
the correct outputs
Controls
: measurement of both processes & their products
Process Measures
: Recognizing interrelationships between individuals and
organizations within the company as well as with contractors, vendors,
customers, and other organizations
Interfaces
System documentation conveys management
expectations and work instructions to employees
System documentation
is a formal system of hazard identification, analysis and risk management essential in controlling risk to acceptable levels.
Safety Risk Management
Levels of Risk Management
- Process Risk Management
- Operational Risk Management
Flow of Safety Risk Management
- System Description
- Hazard Identification
- Risk Analysis
- Risk Assessment
- Risk Control
Process (System) Attributes
- Responsibility
- Authority
- Procedures
- Controls
- Process Measures
- Interfaces
Conditions Related to Error
- Time pressure
- Procedures and documentation
- Teamwork/documentation
- Shift turnovers/crew briefings
- Group norms
- Fatigue management (shifts/circadian problems)
- Lack of System Knowledge
- Equipment/facilities
- Human machine interface (e.g. design for
maintainability)
is any real or potential condition that can result in injury , illness , or death to people;
Hazard
Important to distinguish between Hazard, Consequence, and Risk
Risk Analysis
involves the consideration of both the likelihood and the severity of any adverse consequences.
Analyzing risk
likelihood & severity of the consequence
Risk
determines the level of risk to use in making a
bottom line decision.
Risk Assessment
Risk Control = ?
Risk Mitigation
A major component of any safety system is
defenses (controls)
: “something that gives
confidence
Assurance
Collect and analyze information to determine that process requirements are continuously being met.
Safety Assurance
Assess performance and effectiveness of risk
controls.
Safety Assurance
Works in partnership with Risk Management.
Safety Assurance
focuses on product conformity & customer satisfaction on a continuous basis.
QA
ensures that risk controls , once designed and put to place, perform in a way that continue to meet their safety objectives
SA
can be used to provide a structured process
quality management techniques
Written documentation to describe: Who, What, When, Where, Why, How
System Operation
The system operation includes:
Monitoring of risk controls and basis for SA functions
6 Information Sources
- Continuous Monitoring
- Internal Audits
- Internal Evaluation
- External Audits
- Investigations
- Employee Reporting Systems
Operational Data Sources (Continuous Monitoring)
- Flight dispatch records
- Flight Schedules
- Financial Data
- Maintenance Records
- Crew Schedules and Records
- Warranty Return Reports
- Aircraft Discrepancy Reports
- Flight Cancellation and Daily Reports
The day-to-day responsibility for safety management rests with those who “own” the technical processes.
Internal Audits
External Audits
Clients
Third Party Auditor
Authority
used to determine the effectiveness of risk controls in the organization’s operational processes, and the SMS.
Analysis
People understand the hazards & risks
Informed Culture
The company learns from mistakes, staffs are updated on safety issues by management
Learning Culture
Employees know what is acceptable & unacceptable behavior
Just Culture
All personnel freely share critical safety information
Reporting Culture
