Smooth And Cardiac Muscle

Question 1

• Small and spindle shaped
• One nucleus per cell
• Less actin and myosin
• Myofilaments are not organized into sacromeres

Answer 1

Smooth muscle

Question 2

Resulting periodic spontaneous contraction of smooth muscle

Answer 2

Autorhythmicity

Question 3

Specialized cell to cell contact that allow action potentials to spread

Answer 3

Gap junctions

Question 4

• Long and striated and branching
• one nucleus per cell
• myofilaments are organized into sacromere

Answer 4

Cardiac muscle

Question 5

Smooth muscle is under _____ control. While skeletal muscle is under ______ control. Cardiac muscle is under _______ control.

Answer 5

Involuntary

Voluntary

Question 6

It can stimulate smooth muscle to contract.

Answer 6

Hormones

Question 7

Cardiac muscle contraction is ________.

Answer 7

Autorhythmic

Question 8

Type of muscle that exhibits limited anaerobic respiration instead it continues to contract at a level that can be sustained by aerobic respiration and consequently does not fatigue.

Answer 8

Cardiac muscle

Question 9

Cardiac muscle cells are connected to one another by specialized structures that include desmosomes and gap junctions called

Answer 9

Intercalated disks

Question 10

Allows action potentials to be conducted directly from cell to cell

Answer 10

Intercalated disks

Question 11

Cardiac muscle is under involuntary control and is influenced by hormones called

Answer 11

Epinephrine

Question 12

Muscle is connected to the bone by a

Answer 12

Tendon

Question 13

Are broad, sheetlike tendon

Answer 13

Aponueroses

Question 14

A band of connective tissue that holds down the tendons at each wrist and ankle

Answer 14

Retinaculum

Question 15

Causes most body movements by pulling one of the bones toward the other across the movable joint

Answer 15

Muscle contraction

Question 16

2 points of attachment of each muscle

Answer 16

Origin

Insertion

Question 17

Is the most stationary, or fixed, end of the muscle

Answer 17

Origin

Question 18

Is the end of the muscle attached to the bone undergoing the greatest movement.

Answer 18

Insertion

Question 19

The part of the muscle between the origin and insertion is the ____

Answer 19

Belly

Question 20

Each origin is called a what ?

Answer 20

Head

Question 21

Members of a group of muscles working together to produce a movement are called ?

Answer 21

Synergists

Question 22

Among a group of synergists, if one muscle plays the major role in accomplishing the desired movement it is called the ?

Answer 22

Prime mover

Question 23

Are muscles that hold one bone in place relative to the body

Answer 23

Fixators

Question 24

The name of a specific muscle is based on at least seven characteristics:

Answer 24

Location
Size
Shape
Orientation of fascicles
Origin and insertion
Number of heads
Function

Question 25

Important components of verbal communication

Answer 25

Facial expressions

Question 26

Raises the eyebrows

Answer 26

Occipitofrontalis

Question 27

Are around the eyes. These muscles tightly close the eyelids and causes wrinkle in the skin at the corners of the eyes

Answer 27

Orbicularis occuli

Question 28

Is around the mouth

Answer 28

Orbicularis oris

Question 29

Walls of the cheeks sometimes called kissing muscles cause they pucker the mouth

Answer 29

Buccinator

Question 30

Smiling is accomplished by _____ muscles which elevate the upper lip and corner of the mouth.

Answer 30

Zygomaticus muscles

Question 31

Sneering is accomplished by ________ because the muscle elevates one side of the upper lip.

Answer 31

Levator Labii Superioris

Question 32

Frowning and pouting are largely performed by the __________, which depresses the corner of the mouth.

Answer 32

Depressor Anguli Oris

Question 33

The four pairs of muscles for chewing, or ______, are some of the most strongest muscles in the body.

Answer 33

Mastication

Question 34

Muscles that can be easily seen and felt on the side of the head during mastication.

Answer 34

Temporalis and Masseter

Question 35

The _______ muscles, consisting of two pairs, are deep to the mandible.

Answer 35

Pterygoid

Question 36

Is very important in mastication and speech

Answer 36

Tongue

Question 37

The tongue consists of a mass of _________, which are located within the tongue and change its shape.

Answer 37

Intrinsic muscles

Question 38

Located outside the tongue but are attached to and move the tongue.

Answer 38

Extrinsic muscles

Question 39

Are divided into a suprahyoid bone group and an infrahyoid group.

Answer 39

Hyoid muscles

Question 40

Elevates the pharnyx

Answer 40

Pharyngeal elevators

Question 41

Constrict the pharynx

Answer 41

Pharyngeal constrictors

Question 42

Originate on the anterior surface of the vertebral bodies

Answer 42

Neck flexors

Question 43

Originate on the posterior surface of the vertebral bodies

Answer 43

Neck extensors

Question 44

Prime mover of the lateral muscle group

Can be easily seen on the anterior and lateral sides of the neck

Answer 44

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 45

Contraction of only one sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 45

Rotates the head

Question 46

Contraction of both sternocleidomastoid muscles

Answer 46

Flex or extend the head and neck

Question 47

Wry neck, may result from injury to one of the sternocleidomastoid muscles

Answer 47

Torticollis

Question 48

3 major types of muscles

Answer 48

Skeletal
Muscle
Smooth