smoking and nicotine use Flashcards
What reasons do people having for smoking?
Feel they can’t quit, to overcome other addictions, to relieve stress, peer pressure, to reward themselves and fear of putting on weight
What does nicotine stop?
Stops people from getting hungry
What harmful chemicals does cigarette smoke contain?
Nicotine, tar, carbon monoxide and soot
What does nicotine cause?
Addiction, raised pulse rate and blood pressure/clots
What does tar cause?
Cancers of the nose, throat, tongue, lungs, stomach and bladder
What does carbon monoxide reduce?
Amount of oxygen in blood
What do soot particles cause?
Bronchitis and emphysema
Negative physical effects of smoking
Increases risk of life-threatening disease e.g. cancer, stroke, heart disease, respiratory problems
Smoking during pregnancy can cause premature/still birth
It can cause infertility or miscarriages
Negative intellectual effects of smoking
Cravings, irritation, distraction and stress when unable to smoke. More likely to develop depression and anxiety, may have to take time off school/work due to ill health. Reduces fitness levels
Negative social effects of smoking
Feel socially excluded + people may avoid them because of the smell
Negative emotional effects of smoking
Unable to quit can cause poor self-concept, may worry about health + cost of cigarettes
Barriers to quitting
Being addicted, family + friends smoking, fear of gaining weight, lack of awareness of services, failure to quit in the past
Positive effects of quitting
improves circulation and immune system, after 1 year, risk of heart attack reduces by 50% + after 15 years, health risks fall to same as non-smoker
Support for quitting
Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) (skin patches, gum), E-cigarettes, medication + support from friends and family
