Smells

Question 1

What 5 features makes a good perfume and why?

Answer 1

>Evaporates: reaches nose
>Non-toxic: does not poison
>No reaction with water: doesn't react with perspiration
>Non-irritant: can be sprayed on skin
>Insoluble in water: not washed off skin

Question 2

What is the word equation to make an ester?

Answer 2

alcohol + acid > ester + water

-To make a perfume the chemical ester is needed

Question 3

What does volatile mean?

Answer 3

-When a substance evaporates easily

Question 4

Why is it important that perfumes are volatile?

Answer 4

• Fast moving particles at room temperature
• Weak attraction between particles in the liquid
• Forces of attraction easily broken between molecules in the liquid
• Particles with lots of energy can escape attraction to other molecules
• Escape from surface of liquid as gas

Question 5

What does soluble mean?

Answer 5

A substance that dissolves in a liquid

Question 6

What is the name for a substance that dissolves in a solution?

Answer 6

A solute

Question 7

What is the liquid called that a solute dissolves into?

Answer 7

A solvent

Question 8

What solvent can be used to remove nail varnish?

Answer 8

propanone

Question 9

What solvent removes wine?

Answer 9

salt water

Question 10

What solvent removes blood?

Answer 10

water

Question 11

What solvent removes oil?

Answer 11

methylated spirit

Question 12

What is a solution?

Answer 12

A solute and solvent that does not separate

Question 13

What solvent can clean grease?

Answer 13

oil

Question 14

Why is animal testing banned in UK and EU?

Answer 14

>animals have no control/choice
>harms animals
>public opinion is strongly against it
>causes animals unnecessary suffering
>there are other methods of testing that do less damage to living things

Question 15

Describe how gas molecules move?

Answer 15

They have a high kinetic energy and move rapidly and randomly

Question 16

How does evaporation occur?

Answer 16

> Liquids have less kinetic energy
Weakly attracted to each other
When some particles increase their KE, the force of attraction is overcome and particles escape from the liquid surface in the form of gas

Question 17

Why does water not dissolve nail varnish?

Answer 17

The force of attraction between two water molecules is stronger than between a water molecule and a nail varnish molecule, and vice versa.