Smarty PANCE Insta Questions Flashcards
What is the MOST likely causative organism of septic arthritis?
Answer: Staph aureus
- S. aureus is approx. 50%
- Neisseria gonorrhea in sexually active young adults
- Pseudomonas in IV drug users
What electrolyte abnormalities is associated with bulimia nervosa?
Metabolic alkalosis
- self-induced vomiting leads to loss of hydrogen ions and chloride, resulting in higher bicarbonate concentration
What are the two most common etiologies of peptic ulcer disease?
H. pylori and NSAIDs
A 4-year-old is brought to the clinic by his parents for trouble sleeping. For the past few weeks, the patient has woken up multiple times in the night, screaming and crying. The parents have noticed that is his extremely diaphoretic during these episodes. The patient cannot remember any of these events. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Sleep terror disorder
- specifically when patients have nightmares and have severe distress during their nightmares, however they do not recall it at all
A 71 yo male with a history of chronic alcoholism, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and a previous hip fracture presents to your clinic complaining of worsening right groin and buttock pain. You suspect possible avascular necrosis of the femur. Which of the following types of hip fractures did the patient most likely have in the past?
A. Greater trochanteric fracture
B. Femoral neck fracture
C. Intertrochanteric fracture
D. Subtrochanteric fracture
E. None of the above
Femoral neck fracture
- MC RF is trauma, but patients who have a femoral neck fracture specifically are at higher risk for AVN and non-union
A 62 yo female with a history of obesity and COPD presents to the clinic complaining of her urine “leaking.” She states it occurs when she laughs or coughs. What is the best initial treatment for this patient?
Weight loss and Kegel exercises
What is Nikolsky sign?
Dislodgment of the superficial epidermis by shearing force
What is the most common cause of acute epiglottitis?
Haemophilus influenzae
Which of the following is not considered diagnostic for diabetes mellitus?
A. A1c > 6.5%
B. Fasting plasma glucose > 126 mg/dL x2
C. Plasma glucose > 200 mg/dL after glucose tolerance test
D. Random glasma glucose > 200 mg/dL with hyperglycemic symptoms
E. All are diagnostic
E. All are diagnostic
What is the preferred initial treatment for acute otitis media in a 5 yo with no previous history of otitis media nor risk factors for resistance?
Amoxicillin
Which of the following is not a radiographic finding consistent with osteoarthritis?
A. Joint space narrowing
B. Osteophytes
C. Pencil-in-cup deformity
D. Subchondral cysts
E. Subcondral sclerosis
C. Pencil-in-cup deformity
A 20 yo male just got back to the US from a mission trip to South Asia. He is now having intense, watery, rice-like stools. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Cholera
What is the first-line treatment for papulopustular rosacea?
Topical metronidazole
What is the correct definition of precocious puberty in girls?
Secondary sexual maturation < 8
What disorder is characterized by a scaly, rough erythematous patch that appears on sun-exposed areas?
Actinic keratosis
A 35 yo female with a history of diabetes, hypertension, and COPD presents to the ER complaining of dysuria, suprapubic pain, malaise, and chills. She is febrile. On physical exam he patient has costovertebral angle tenderness. UA is positive for leukocyte esterase, nitrites, and bacteria. CT of abdomen/pelvis is pending. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Acute pyelonephritis
A 10 yo is brought in by his mother. She noticed him not sleeping well and itching is buttock at night. The tape test is positive. What is the best treatment option?
Albendazole
- Enterobiasis is the most common helminthic infection
Which is the biggest risk factor for suicide?
A. Depression
B. Access to gasoline
C. Access to a rope
D. Previous attempt
E. Family history
Previous attempt
What is the most common cause of syncope?
Vasovagal syncope
Rheumatic fever commonly affects which valve?
Mitral valve
What will be elevated first in bacterial meningitis?
CSF WBC with neutrophil predominance
Upon PE of a patient, you note a sacral pressure ulcer with full-thickness skin and tissue loss with exposed muscle and tendon in the ulcer. Which of the following stage is this pressure ulcer at? Stage 1-4
Stage 4
Which class of medications should be avoided in those with Prinzmetal angina?
Beta blockers as they can aggravate symptoms
A 20 yo female presents to the clinic complaining of intense sleepiness during the day and also a desire to fall asleep constantly. She has episodes where she feels paralyzed as she is falling asleep. PE is unremarkable. Which of the following is the best diagnostic test to confirm the most likely diagnosis?
A. CT head without contrast
B. Overnight polysomnography
C. Continuous elevtroencephalogram
D. MBI brain
E. Multiple sleep latency test
E. Multiple sleep latency test