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GCSE DT > Smart And Modern Materials > Flashcards

Smart And Modern Materials Flashcards

1
Q

What are smart materials?

A

Materials whose properties change when exposed to a stimulus such as electric, magnetic, stress, moisture and temperature

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2
Q

Smart textiles can be used for…

A

Medical such as antiseptic socks
Anti bacterial towels
Rhovyl is an antibacterial fibre

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3
Q

Give 3 examples of smart materials.

A

Conductive polymers
Colour changing liquid crystals
Motion control gels like smart grease used in CD drawers

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4
Q

What are photochromic materials?

A

Change colour due to different lighting conditions
Eg security markers which only show up in uv light
Photochromic lenses in glasses which darken in sunlight

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5
Q

Advantages of Photo-chromic lenses

A

Reduced costs as only need one pair of glasses for inside and out
Uv protection for eyes
Convenience
Eye health

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6
Q

What are Thermo-chromic inks?

A

Temp sensitive compounds that temporarily change colour when heated
uses: Can put them on kettles or mugs to show how hot they are

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7
Q

What can phosphorescent pigments do?

A

Glow in the dark

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8
Q

What is a composite material?

A

Materials made of 2 or more materials bonded together

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9
Q

Polymers can be strengthened by adding..

A

Glass, carbon fibre or Kevlar

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10
Q

Name the 4 wood based composites.

A

Plywood
MDF
Chipboard
Hardboard

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11
Q

What is a synthetic material?

A

created by man, to make completely new materials or copy natural ones

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12
Q

What are the properties of Kevlar?

Uses?

A

high resistance to impact and abrasion
made by woven fibre
used for bullet proof vests, motorbike clothing

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13
Q

What are the properties of Carbon Fibre?

Uses?

A

high strength to weight ratio
made by woven carbon fibres in a polymer resin
used for canoe shells, racing cycles

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14
Q

What are the properties of Goretex?

A

waterproof, windproof, breathable as tiny pores allow water vapour from sweat to escape but not rain water to enter
made from a PTFE polymer
outdoor clothing

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15
Q

What does SMA stand for and what are its properties?

A

Shape Memory Alloy
returns to its shape after being deformed
used for spectacle frames and teeth braces

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16
Q

What is Photochromic glass

A

changes colour when light falls on it
pigment in glass darkens in light
uses are sunglasses, welding masks

17
Q

What are Piezoelectric materials?

A

material will deform when small electric current passes through it. Also produces a small voltage when deformed.
uses: alarms, contact sensors, strain gauges

18
Q

What is Micro-encapsulation?

A

tiny bubbles of liquid or solid encapsulated within fabrics.
Friction as you move breaks down bubbles slowly releasing the contents (like therapy oils, moisturisers

19
Q

What is a Quantum Tunnelling Composite QTC?

A

flexible polymer containing tiny metal particles. This can turn the insulator into a conductor. Resistance changes under compression.
Uses: pressure sensors, membrane switch on mobile phones

20
Q

What are biometrics?

A

electronics embedded into textiles to form digital components
Uses: aesthetic or performance enhancing clothing

21
Q

What are interactive fabrics?

A

they function as electronic devices and sensors.

  1. circuits integrated into fabrics (heart rate monitors)
  2. Wearable electronics (mobile phones or music players)
  3. GPS tracking
22
Q

Nitinol is a shape memory alloy of nickel and which other metal?

A

titanium

23
Q

How is the shape set into the memory of nitinol?

A

Heat nitinol to very high temp of around 540 degs C

24
Q

What stimulus is required to return an Shape Memory Alloy like Nitinol to its original shape?

A

Heat to moderate temp of around 70 degs C
OR pass electrical charge through it
These trigger the response to change to set shape

25
Q

Commercial uses of Nitinol are…

A

Fire safety devices to detect heat
Water valves to open or close depending on temp of water
Stents to open arteries
Frames for glasses - can be reshaped if bent out of shape

26
Q

What is biomimetics?

A

Fabrics that mimic different situations found in nature.

Mimic shark skin reducing drag.

27
Q

What is rhovyl?

A

Antibacterial fabric.

It is none flammable and drys quickly. Used for socks

28
Q

What is nomex?

A

A heat resistant material which is used for oven gloves.

29
Q

Geotextiles?

A

Made for use in soil.

30
Q

What is an electroluminescent material?

A

lights when an electric current passes through it

31
Q

What are the properties of glass reinforced plastic

A

made by glass fibres in polyester resin
cheaper that carbon fibre polymers
tough and lightweight
difficult to recycle

GCSE DT (12 decks)

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