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x Virology Term 2 Post-quiz Jen > Smallpox/Rabies > Flashcards

Smallpox/Rabies Flashcards

1
Q

Structure of Pox viruses

A

ds DNA
Contain RNA polymerase (not infectious genome)
no symmetry
unenveloped

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2
Q

One thing that distinguishes Pox viruses from other DNA viruses

A

they contain a DNA-dep RNA pol: only DNA virus that does this. reason: they repl in the cytoplasm.

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3
Q

Pox viruses form what in the cytoplasm?

A

INclusion bodies

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4
Q

Which viruses form inclusion bodies in teh cytoplasm? which form inclusion bodies in the nucleus?

A

Cytoplasm: pox viruses.
Nucleus: herpes

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5
Q

How is smallpx transmitted?

A

Resp

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6
Q

How does smallpox manifest in the body?

A

First viremia: lungs, liver, spleen.

Second viremia: skin. x 10 days later

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7
Q

Clinical presentation of smallpox/

A

papules, vesicles, pustules.

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8
Q

What is an example of pantropic virus?

A

Measles, smallpox.

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9
Q

What is the tropism of Hepatitis?

A

Liver

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10
Q

What type of vaccine for smallpox?

A

Live, vaccinia virus (similar to but not identical to smallpox)

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11
Q

Has smallpox been eradicated?

A

YES

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12
Q

What is the strategy for dealing with isolated cases of smallpox that arise? Why did it work?

A

Ring vaccination. Worked because post-exposure vaccination works up to 4d post-exposure.

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13
Q

Smallpox has how many serotypes?

A

ONE.

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14
Q

Does smallpox have non-human reservoirs?

A

NO

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15
Q

Does smallpox result in any asymptomatic infections?

A

NO.

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16
Q

What is an example of a pox virus that we might see clinically?

A

Molluscum contagiosum

17
Q

How is molluscum contagiosum transmitted?

A

Cutanous contact

18
Q

How long is the incubation for mollusc. contag?

A

2-8 wks

19
Q

What is the clinical presentation of mollusc. contag?

A

after 2-8 weeks, pearly white papules appear.

20
Q

What type of virus is rabies?

A

Rhabdovirus.

21
Q

Characteristics of rhabdoviruses?

A

Bullet-shaped, enveloped, helical, -RNA (single molecule)

22
Q

Does the rabies/rhabdovirus bring along its own polymerase?

A

YES, brings in its own RNA-dep RNA pol.

23
Q

How is rabies transmitted?

A

Through the bite of an infected animal that has virus in its saliva.

24
Q

Tropism of rabies?

A

Nerve cells.

25
Q

Describe the replication of rabies virus in an infected animal.

A

wave of viral replication moves up peripheral nerves from the bite, infects CNS, and then down a neural route to the salivary glands. Virus can grow in sal glands of rabid animals, this providing virus in the bite that is transmissive.

26
Q

How long is the rabies incubation period?

A

Long: week to months.

27
Q

Rabies: fatal to what organisms?

A

Usually fatal for human, dog

28
Q

Initial and later sx of rabies?

A

Initial: fever, anorexia
Later: hydrophobia due to pain with swallowing.

29
Q

How does herpes simplex infect the CNS?

A

Via neural pathway (same as rabies)

30
Q

How do most viruses infect the CNS?

A

via viremia. Ex: HSV, VZV are latent in sensory ganglia. when reactivated, move down sensory nerves to the cutaneous site at which lesions appear.

31
Q

Diagnosis or Rabies depends on what unique finding?

A

Negri bodies (cytoplasmic inclusions). Fluorescent Ab to rabies confirms that these bodies are from rabies virus.

32
Q

Review of inclusion bodies: Rabies have what? Pox viruses have what? Herpes have what:

A

Rabies: cytoplasmic Negri bodies
Pox: cytoplasmic inclusions
Herpes: nuclear inclusions

33
Q

What type of vaccine is used for rabies?

A

Killed. Cultured in diploid cells, then killed/inactivated.

34
Q

With rabies, can you immunize after infection?

A

Yes: the long incubation allows for this. however, once Sx are seen in the CNS, death will ensue. Generally the vaccine is given in 5 doses.

35
Q

What is special about rabies treatment after possible contact with the virus?

A

Combination of passive immunization (pooled donated human serum, which is given to delay symptoms) and killed vaccine is given.

x Virology Term 2 Post-quiz Jen (4 decks)

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