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AnSci Exam 3 > Small Runinants > Flashcards

Small Runinants Flashcards

1
Q

Caprine and Ovine

A

Goat and Sheep

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2
Q

Kid and lamb

A

Immature goat and sheep

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3
Q

Wether

A

Castrated male

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4
Q

Buck and Ram

A

Intact male goat and sheep

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5
Q

Fecal Egg Count (FEC)

A

A measure of internal parasite burden in ruminants

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6
Q

Parasite resistance

A

The ability of parasites to survive and reproduce despite exposure to anthelmintic treatment

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7
Q

Shearing

A

Cutting wool off

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8
Q

Gestation

A

Sheep: 144-152 days
Goats: 147-155 days

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9
Q

Lambing and Kidding

A

Lambing: Between January and May
Kidding: Between Late February and Early April

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10
Q

Breeding

A

Sheep: First mating 7-19 months
Goats: First mating 6-9 months

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11
Q

Weaning

A

60-90 days

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12
Q

Post-weaning

A

30-50 days, sort and market cull ewes

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13
Q

Common wool sheep

A

Merino, Hampshire, Suffolk, Rambouillet, Southdown, Dorset

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14
Q

Common Hair sheep

A

Katahdin, Dorper, St. Croix, Barbados Black Belly

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15
Q

Common dairy goats

A

Alpine, Nubian, LaMancha, Oberhasli, Toggenburg

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16
Q

Common Meat Goats

A

Boer, Spanish, Myotonic, Savanna, Kiko

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17
Q

What is lamb meat yield grade based on?

A

Backfat (Marbling)

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18
Q

Quality muscling grades

A

Prime (best), Choice, Good, Utility (poor)

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19
Q

Break joint vs Spool Joint

A

Break joint: Younger bones still have a soft growth plate that will break with applied pressure
Spool joint: Older animals are finished growing and the bone doesn’t break

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20
Q

Grazing sheep

A

Eat mostly grass, legumes, forbs, and other pasture-based forages

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21
Q

Grazing diet by %

A

60% grass, 30% forbs, 10% browse

22
Q

Browsing goats

A

Prefer woody plants and browsing brush above shoulder height, used for weed and brush control

23
Q

Browsing diet by %

A

20% grass, 20% forbs, 60% browse

24
Q

Browser vs Grazer anatomy

A

Browsers have prehensile lips and a larger liver for detoxifying plant toxins
Grazers have shorter, fatter, and more blunt tongues

25
Q

Internal Parasites

A

Barber’s Pole Worm, Coccidia (C, D, and Tetanus)

26
Q

External parasites

A

Lice, Ticks, Sheep Keds, Fly strike, biting Midges, Bot Fly

27
Q

Parasite life cycle

A

Dung stage (eggs pass in feces), Pasture stage (eggs hatch and free-living larvae develop), Host Stage

28
Q

Prevention

A

Grazing Management, Seasonal management, Hay management, Multi-species Grazing, Genetic Resistance

29
Q

Treatment

A

Deworming options, Resistance (over-utilization)

30
Q

FAMACHA

A

Created to identify anemic animals

31
Q

FAMACHA indication

A

Weight loss, intake will go down, isolated stock, lethargic, production goes down

32
Q

4-6 weeks prior to lambing/kidding

A

Vaccinate with CDT, Check FAMACHA scores, Deworm, Copper bolus for goats

33
Q

30 days prior to lambing/kidding

A

The udder will begin to drop, check feet/hoof trim

34
Q

3-7 days prior to lambing/kidding

A

Trim wool off rear end, Check feet/hoof trim, move into individual/group housing

35
Q

Seasonally polyestrus

A

Only coming into estrus one season a year

36
Q

Sheep estrus cycle

A

Cycle length: 16-17 days
Estrus: 30 hours
When to breed: 12-18 hours after estrus onset

37
Q

Sheep breeding exception

A

Dorsets can lamb out of season

38
Q

Goat estrus cycle

A

Cycle length: 18-24 days
Estrus: 36 hours
When to breed: 12-36 hours after estrus onset

39
Q

Goat breeding types

A

Hand Mating, Pen Breeding, AI, Out-of-Season breeding

40
Q

Sheep Breeding types

A

Ram Bred, Laparoscopic Artificial Insemination (due to tortuous cervix)

41
Q

Shearing

A

Leg control, utilize thumb, position nose towards the back over the shoulder, add pressure to the rump, keep hands free

42
Q

What is special about hair sheep

A

Genetically selected to have no shearable fleece, Have higher parasite resistance

43
Q

Basic nutrition costs

A

Feed is the single largest cost associated with raising small ruminants

44
Q

Copper toxicosis

A

Chronic: Cu accumulated in liver
Acute: Oral exposure to Cu

45
Q

Signs of Cu toxicity

A

Depression, weakness, anorexia, reddish brown/dark urine, excessive thirst, teeth grinding

46
Q

Cu toxicosis treatment

A

Cu antagonists, Fluid therapy, Blood transfusion, Critical dosages

47
Q

Foot/Hoof rot symptoms

A

Lameness, reduced weight gain, decreased milk and reproduction

48
Q

Foot/Hoof rot treatment and prevention

A

Hoof trim, Dry/sanitary bedding, footbaths with Zinc Sulfate and Copper Sulfate

49
Q

Indoor facilities

A

Traditional barn, Pole barn, Open-sided barn

50
Q

Outside housing positives

A

Decreased feed costs, temporary shelter for lambing

AnSci Exam 3 (5 decks)

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