Small,large intestine Flashcards
What are the three parts of the small intestine?
Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum
What is the main function of the small intestine?
to complete the digestion of macromolecules and absorb
Where does majority of the digestion occur?
duodenum
what enters the duodenum via a duct?
Secretions from pancreas and
gallbladder
Where does most absorption take place?
Jejunum
and Ileum
where is Villi contained in( found)? and what does it do
the jejunum and ileum contains villi
Increases surface area
What does each villis have?
• Each villus has a lymphatic vessel
called a lacteal
-a network of blood
capillaries surrounded by a layer of epithelial cells
where does the microvilli extend to and why?
extends into intestinal lumen to
create a “brush border”
what does the small intestine secrete? and what does each one breakdown?
➢Maltase (carbohydrate breakdown)
➢Peptidase (protein breakdown)
what are nutrients absorbed across?
first across epithelium then the unicellular wall of capillaries or lacteals.
what happens when nutrients enter the bloodstream?
they’re dispersed throughout the body
What are the four functions of the liver?
- Synthesis
- Breakdown
- Detoxification
- Storage
Explain the synthesis function of liver
Produces bile which breaks
down fats
where is bile stored?
Gallbladder
Explain the detoxification function of the liver
Removes toxins from body
like
➢Alcohol
➢Chemicals
Explain the storage function of the liver?
Vitamins and carbohydrates are stored in the liver
example: glycogen
what does the pancreas do to the chyme?
Increases its Ph from 2.5 to 9 because of production of sodium bicarbonate
What does the pancreas secrete?
• Secretes enzymes
➢Carbohydrases
➢Lipase
➢Trypsin
What does Carbohydrases do? where is it secreted
break down carbohydrates
Secreted in pancreas
what does lipase do? where is it secreted
Breaks down fat
pancreas
what does trypsin do? Where is it secreted
breaks down proteins
Secreted in pancreas
what does the large intestine absorb?
Water
sodium
chlorine
bacteria that releases Vitamin K & B
What aids in the ejection of material from bowels?
Cellulose
what is egestion?
removal of the indigestible components of food
