FOOD

Question 1

why do we obtain raw materials?

Answer 1

for growth and maintenance

Question 2

nutrients are the chemicals that organism needs in order to what?

Answer 2

grow
build
repair tissues
make energy

Question 3

What nutrients do we need to stay healthy?

Answer 3

carbohydrates
fats
proteins
water
minerals and vitamins

Question 4

nutrients provide energy that fuels____?

Answer 4

all biological processes

Question 5

how do humans obtain energy

Answer 5

by consuming plant and animal based food

Question 6

What do cells use chemical energy for?

Answer 6

to fuel biological processes like growth and movement

Question 7

why do endothermic animals need more energy?

Answer 7

To keep their bodies warm
(warm blooded)

Question 8

In order to stay alive, your body performs different chemical reactions → These are all known as ?

Answer 8

METABOLISM

Question 9

what is metabolism made up of?

Answer 9

CATABOLISM & ANABOLISM

Question 10

what is catabolism?

Answer 10

metabolic reactions that breaks down molecules

Question 11

What is anabolism?

Answer 11

the building of larger molecules

Question 12

What is metabolic rate?

Answer 12

our body converts stored energy into working energy

Question 13

What are factors that affect metabolic rate?

Answer 13

body size
physical activity
sex
age
genetic

Question 14

What is basal metabolic rate ?

Answer 14

energy needed to stay alive

Question 15

What are carbohydrates made up of ?

Answer 15

carbon
hydrogen
oxygen

Question 16

What are the three types of carbohydrates

Answer 16

monosaccharides
disaccharides
polysaccharides

Question 17

are carbohydrates are main source of energy

Answer 17

yes

Question 18

what is monosaccharides and example

Answer 18

-single sugars
-glucose , fructose, galactose
Glucose is needed for cellular respiration

Question 19

What is glucose needed for ?

Answer 19

cellular respiration

Question 20

What are Disaccharides? and example

Answer 20

double sugars result of 2 monosaccharides joining together

maltose and sucrose

Question 21

What are polysaccharides and example? what are they used for

Answer 21

3 or more monosaccharides together

used for energy storage in plants (starch) and in animals (glycogen)

Need to be digested before absorbing

example chitin in exoskeleton of insects, cellular in plant wall

Question 22

what are sources of carbohydrates?

Answer 22

bread
Fruit
Grains

Question 23

how much of an individuals energy does carbohydrates provide?

Answer 23

55%

Question 24

where are carbohydrates stored in humans and what are they stored as?

Answer 24

In the liver as glycogen

Question 25

what happens when you reach the maximum amount of glycogen storage?

Answer 25

The carbohydrates/glycogen are turned into lipids and stored as fats

Question 26

When energy is needed what is glycogen turned into?

Answer 26

Glucose

Question 27

what do protiens do

Answer 27

-Help chemical reactions take place -Repair the cell -Transport materials around the body

Question 28

what do some proteins serve as? and give examples of proteins

Answer 28

Hormones example , amylase , lipase, hair

Question 29

what are proteins made out of?

Answer 29

Amino acids

Question 30

What are lipids?

Answer 30

Source of chemical energy for the body

Question 31

what are lipids made out? and what is it bonded to

Answer 31

3 fatty acids bonded to a glycerol molecule called triglyceride

Question 32

can Triglycerides be saturated or unsaturated?

Answer 32

Yes

Question 33

What are saturated fats and unsaturated fat?

Answer 33

saturated fats are solid at room temp unsaturated fats are liquid at room temp

Question 34

What is an essential fatty acid/m?

Answer 34

Omega-3 prevent heart diseases and , arthritis

Question 35

How much water should you drink a day?

Answer 35

2 L

Question 36

what are vitamins?

Answer 36

Compounds an organism needs as a nutrient in small amounts

Question 37

which vitamins are fat soluble in which ones are water soluble?

Answer 37

fat soluble, vitamins, ADEK Water soluble, vitamin B and C

Question 38

what are minerals?

Answer 38

Natural elements our body uses to carry out metabolic processes repair tissues.

Question 39

what is iron a component of?

Answer 39

Hemoglobin

Question 40

How many amino acids are there?

Answer 40

20 amino acids 12 made by our body The other 8 is from our diet called essential amino acid

Question 41

how much should a energy come from protein?

Answer 41

10 to 30%

Question 42

what is water needed for?

Answer 42

Chemical reactions help digest food maintain blood volume Regular blood temperature

Question 43

What are calcium and phosphorus critical in?

Answer 43

Bone formation