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SURGERY > Small Intestine, Colon, Rectum, Anus And Appendix > Flashcards

Small Intestine, Colon, Rectum, Anus And Appendix Flashcards

1
Q

Small intestine is derived from

A

Endoderm

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2
Q

Blood supply of the midgut

A

SMA

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3
Q

Blood supply of foregut structure

A

Celiac trunk

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4
Q

Blood supply of hindgut

A

Inferior mesenteric artery

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5
Q

Derived from foregut

A

Duodenum

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6
Q

Derived from midgut

A

Jejunum and ileum

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7
Q

Most common surgical disorder of the small intestines

A

Mechanical short bowel obstruction

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8
Q

Most common cause of mechanical short bowel obstruction

A

Adhesions

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9
Q

Cardinal signs of obstruction

A

Vomiting
Obstipation
Distension
Corampy/colicky abdominal pain

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10
Q

Abdominal series done for diagnosis of SBO

A

Upright CXR
Supine and Upright Abdominal Xrays

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11
Q

Triad of radiographic findings in SBO

A

Dilated small bowel loops (>3cms)
Air fluid levels (step ladder appearance)
Paucity or absence of air in the rectum (rectal gas)

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12
Q

Radiographic findings in strangulated SBO

A

Thickened small bowel loops
Mucosal “thumb printing”
Pneumatosis intestinalis (gas within the bowel)
Free peritoneal air

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13
Q

Preferred method of diagnosing SBO in px with history of abdominal malignancy

A

CT Scan with water soluble contrast

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14
Q

This is the gold standard to differentiate partial from complete SBO

A

Small Bowel Series/Enteroclysis

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15
Q

Contraindications of conservative management in SBO

A

Suspected ischemia
Large bowel obstruction
Closed loop obstruction
Strangulate hernia
Perforation

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16
Q

Assessment of bowel viability

A

Color
Peristalsis
Marginal arterial pulsation
Necrosis
Perforations

17
Q

Factors that inhibit spontaneous closure of fistula

A

Foreign body
Radiation enteritis
Infection/inflammation
Epithelization of fistula tract
Neoplasm
Distal obstruction

18
Q

Most prevalent congenital anomaly of the GIT

A

Meckel’s diverticulum

19
Q

Most common true diverticulum

A

Meckel’s diverticulum

20
Q

Rule’s of 2 in meckel’s diverticulum

A

2% of the population
2:1 predominance in male
2 feet proximal in the ileocecal valve
1/2 symptomatic for under 2 years old
2 types of mucosa gastric > pancreatic
2inch length

21
Q

Etiology of meckel’s diverticulum

A

Persistence of vitelline or omphalomesenteric duct

22
Q

Most common symptom of meckel’s diverticulum in children

A

Bleeding

23
Q

Most common symptom of meckel’s diverticulum in adults

A

Intestinal obstruction

24
Q

Treatment for incidental or asymptomatic meckel’s diverticulum is?

A

Adult: observe
Children: diverticulotomy (wedge resection) + appendectomy

25
Q

Most common cause of acute mesenteric ischemia

A

Arterial embolus

26
Q

Efinitive treatment for malrotation to prevent mid gut volvolus

A

Ladd procedure

27
Q

Most common cause of double bubble sign

A

Duodenal atresia

28
Q

Most common and lethal gastrointestinal disorder affecter preterm neonates

A

Necrotizing enterocolitis

29
Q

Most potent intestinotrophic hormone

A

Glucagon like peptide 2

30
Q

This serves as the landmark to identify the position of the location of the appendix

A

Anterior taenia

31
Q

The three taenia coli meet at the?

A

Base of the appendix and rectosigmoid junction

32
Q

Arterial supply of the appendix

A

Appendiceal artery from ileocolic artery

33
Q

Most common location of the tip of the appendix

A

Retrocecal position

34
Q

Most common cause of acute appendicitis in adults

A

Fecaliths

35
Q

Most common aerobic and anaerobic pathogens isolated in perforated appendicitis

A

E. Coli
Bacteroides fragilis

36
Q

Murphy triad

A

Abdominal pain
Fever
Vomiting

37
Q

Increased abdominla pain on coughing

A

Dunphy’s sign

38
Q

Pain at RLQ when palpatory pressure on LLQ is exerted

A

Rovsing sign

39
Q

Most common extrauterine surgical emergency in pregnant women

A

Appendicitis

SURGERY (6 decks)

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