Sm Intestine and Colon Path Pt 1 Flashcards
Ileus
loss of normal peristalsis in absence of mechanical obstruction
Hernia
defect in wall of peritoneal cavity, possible serousal pouch –> strangulation –> infarction
Volvulus
complete twisting of bowel at mesenteric base
Adhesions complication
may cause strangulation
Intussusception
presentation
often presents with mass lesion
lesion gets “pulled in” to other bowel segment
Meckel’s Diverticulum
true (mucosa, submucosa, muscularis propria)
failed involution of vitellline duct
Global vs partical malabsorption
global: diffuse mucosal involvement or reduced absorbative surface
partial: interferes w/ limited # of nutrients
Secretory diarrhea
isotonic stools
Osmotic diarrhea
unabsorbed lumenal soluts
Malabsorbative diarrhea
global nutrient malabsorption and steatorrhea
Exudative diarrhea
bloody stools, neutrophillic infiltrate
Celiac mechanism
gliadin-sensitivity, immune mediated enteropathy
HLA subtypes associated with celiac
HLA-DQ2, -DQ8
Pathologic findings of celiac
intraepithelial leukocytes (nonspecific) villous atrophy w/ enlongated crypts crypt hyperplasia
Tropical sprue
mimics sprue after acute infection that affects distal small bowel
Tropical sprue may cause…
vitamin B12 deficiency
Abetalipoproteinemia
rare autosomal recessive
transepithelial transport defect: microsomal TAG transfer proteinemia
lipids accumulate in enterocytes
Peripheral smear of abetalipoproteinemia
acanthocytes
Whipple disease etiology
Gram + actinomycete T. whippelli, systemic infection
Whipple disease pathology, progression
organism-laden macrophages cause lymphatic obstruction
can also accumulate in many places
Most common disaccharide deficiency
acquired lactase deficiency
Pancreatic insufficiency etiologies
CF in children
EtOH and stone disease in adults
carb absorption now affected
